Aboriginal Inequality

Social Inequality with Canadian Aboriginals SOC 300 Dr. Kelly Train Milica Rados 500460778 Different ethnic backgrounds immigrate to Canada making it a very multicultural society. Immigrants coming to Canada have made it progress to a more multicultural society, making other nations believe that this is the case, however this does not include native societies that have been living in Canada for the longest period of time. The purpose of this paper is to analyze how Aboriginals live in Canada.This paper argues that aboriginals in Canada are not treated with the same equality as non-aboriginals livening in Canada, even though Canada is known as a multicultural society. By studying the history of Aboriginal settlement in Canada and understanding their connection to the land there is a better understanding of why taking over their land is a social issue. By taking over their land their sense of connection to nature was taken away which was a big part of the Aboriginal culture. This cause d educational inequality and also the inequality they face within their workplace and the wages they receive.By studying history, their culture, education and their current economic state it becomes more clear why this is a social issue in Canada and how that takes away from the multiculturalism Canada is known for. Aboriginals, which include first nations people, were the first people of Canada however, the treatment they receive today shows otherwise. Aboriginal treaties, Westphalia Treaty of 1648, that were established in Canada in the mid-seventeenth century were used to â€Å"harmonize discovery and conquest principles† (Frideres, 2000).The land that Aboriginals occupied was more than just land to them, they felt a connection with Mother Nature and they established roles in their families that helped them create a working community. Without even trying to understand how Aboriginals felt about their treaties and their land the British Common Law abolished Aboriginal land and tenure (Frideres, 2000). The British came into Canada stronger, with weapons and technology that the Aboriginals did not know about or ever see and when they took over their land they had nothing they could do or say about it.The Aboriginal had no choice but to cooperate and let the land that they felt strong connections to be taken over. Losing a sense of connection to the land and having to watch one of the most important parts of their community being taken over cause further problems for the Aboriginal people. Due to the problems faced with settlement of British into Canada, Aboriginals have not had the same independence they had when they were living in Canada alone, they don’t receive the same equality or freedom.According to symbolic internationalists the identity of a person cannot be determined without understanding the historical context of what the individual is born into. â€Å"Socialization theory† argues that individuals are born into groups and learn their culture and what they learn goes on to the next generations (Frideres, 2008). If a person born into Aboriginal social groups, their understanding of who they are comes from the group they are born into. Their parents teach them about the land and help them develop the same connection to nature that they feel.Aboriginal identity emerges from Aboriginal groups that are shaped by their sense of location (Frideres, 2008). Aboriginals have a strong connection to their land and nature around them and that is what they teach the next generation as stated before. Aboriginal people are the original occupants of the territory known as Canada and as such possess a special relationship to this space (Mills, 2006), and even though this is the case it does not mean that Aboriginals need to own all of Canada and all the land should be considered there.However, the land that they did occupy and did have should be left as is because their connection to the land is important to them. But that is not the case. Aboriginal people are an ethnicity abstracted from their distinct history and relationship to the land and to newcomers (Mills, 2006). They no longer get to own their land but at the same time they have to watch their land being taken over. Over time this sense of group, or community disappears. Generations can no longer teach younger generations about the importance of nature and therefore the history is slowly lost.Since they lost their history and their connection to the land a lot of other parts of their culture and their beliefs was taken away as well. The main issue faced was losing a sense of their culture. Canada being a multicultural society, allows for all people to practice their culture and they have the freedom to believe what they want. The aboriginals lost that right when their land was taken over. It was lost because they no longer owned their nature and it was taken over by technology and architecture, making them less united with the forest and the land that they lived in.By taking over the land they were also forced to have to change their education. In schools they were no longer allowed to learn Aboriginal culture. In 2002 by studying Canadian schools it was said that as many as 30 percent of elementary students and 40 percent of high school students did not speak even a little of their Native tongues (Schissel, 2002). The reason that this is the case can be because Aboriginal families stopped practicing their culture and heritage at home therefore distancing the children from understanding where they came from.That is not because they no longer wanted their kids to know the traditions or history of their ancestry, but it was simply because they lost the connection they had. After being forced to stop practicing aboriginal culture when the British settlement fist happened, they had to learn a new culture and therefore it was slowly lost sine it was forbidden. Therefore the main reason that such high numbers of Aboriginal s tudents do not speak their native language is because the educational system in Canada fails to recognize and incorporate indigenous knowledge (Schissel, 2002).Since it would be hard to incorporate all cultures existing in Canada it is acceptable that the language is not practiced in schools. However aboriginals play such an important role in Canadian history their culture should be incorporated in the schools more, especially in history classes involving in Canada. Some may argue that other cultures are not incorporated into the mainstream school system, but aboriginals are the main settlers of Canada and therefore they should be recognized and taught about. Others argue that there are alternative schools that will study traditional cultures.However according to Schisel (2002) this achievement of education would be laughable and would not be considered for a higher level of education such as continuing to university. Therefore they are forced to study the mainstream system if they wish to have a future in the Canada employment wise. Not only did the Aboriginals sacrifice their language and culture, they often also encounter the additional hindrances of racism, prejudice, poverty, violence, and underemployment (Schissel, 2002) Underemployment that Aboriginals face is a serious social issue in Canada.The reason that this can be seen as a serious social issue is because Aboriginal peoples were titled as one of the four economically disadvantaged target groups in Canada in the Employment Equity Act 1995 (Maxim, 2001). This means that the Aboriginals cause overall views of Canada to go down. They can affect the overall economy in Canada because this means they suffer from poverty and unemployment bringing Canada down as a nation. The creation of the Indian in 1985 did not do any help with creating Aboriginals as equals and this party is suffering to this day.Act Registered Aboriginal people in Canada are more likely than any other culture in Canada to be unemploye d. They also have a lower education achievement and are considered more likely to be unemployed than anyone else in Canada (White, 2003). It is not just registered aboriginals that are suffering economically it is also the non-registered aboriginals as well. Overall all Aboriginal Canadians are disadvantaged when compared with the non-Aboriginal Canadian population. The amount of disadvantage, is measured by the characteristics of income we are examining, differs for the different categories of Aboriginal peoples (Maxim, 2001).The earnings of Aboriginal people is 10. 4 percent lower than non-aboriginal people in Canada (Maxim, 2001). Thinking about all the different cultures in Canada that number is high compared to the rest of the Canadian citizens. Aboriginal people, mainly concerning women are employed in low paying jobs and also are in less stable jobs (Mills, 2006). There are two main reasons that this is the case according the Mills (2006). The first reason he gives us is that Canadians limit the number of jobs offered for aboriginals.They limit the jobs that they are giving to women for example, therefore resulting in lower paid jobs. The second reason according to Mills (2006) is by putting Canadians in less desirable jobs. This causes a disadvantage for them and it creates segregation. Therefore by limiting their jobs to less desirable jobs they are being treated with inequality and suffer from segregation. The employment rates and unemployment rates suggest that Aboriginals in Canada are way more disadvantage and therefore signifying that Canada is not as multicultural as we believe it to be.In conclusion, it is apparent that Aboriginals are facing sociologically related problems living in Canada. Canada portrays itself as a multicultural society and even though the acceptance of immigrants has progressed a high amount in the years, what is ignored is the aboriginal societies that first settled in Canada. Being the first nations people of Canada the recognition they receive should be much higher. Their history should be brought into schools and the be taught to not only Aboriginals but also other Canadian students because it is an important part of Canadian history.The language should not have been eliminated in the past and just like other cultures they should have received the same treatment being allowed to own their own land, and study their culture. If Aboriginal history was to be taught would create a better sense of acceptance for Aboriginal people and it would help them not forget their culture and their connection to the land. Not only should the history of Aboriginals be taught more, but their acceptance in the work place should be improved.The amount of jobs offered should be higher and the wages they receive should reflect the wages of the rest of Canadians. This would cause Canada to progress into the multicultural society they strive to be. This would cause other cultures to feel more of an acceptance and statisti c wise Canada would progress as well. Based on the history of Aboriginals, their culture, the mainstream school system and employment rates; aboriginals are suffering from inequality and it does impact Canada as a society. References Frideres, James S. 2000.Aboriginal Tenure in the Constitution of Canada. Canadian Ethnic Studies. 32. 2:140. Frideres, James S. 2008. Aboriginal Identity in the Canadian Context. The Canadian Journal of Narrative Studies. 28. 2:313-342 Maxim P, White P, Beavon D, Whitehead P. 2001. Dispersion and polarization of income among Aboriginal and non-Aboriginal Canadians. The Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology. 38. 4:465-476. Mills, Suzanne E. 2006. Segregation of Women and Aboriginal People Within Canada’s Forest Sector by Industry and Occupation.The Canadian Journal of Narrative Studies. 26. 1:147-171. Schissel B, Wotherspoon T, Friesen J. 2002. The legacy of school for Aboriginal people: education, oppression, and emancipation. Canadian Et hnic Studies. 34. 2:129-131 Vivian J. 2006. With Good Intentions: Euro-Canadian and Aboriginal Relations in Colonial Canada. Canadian Ethnic Studies. 38. 2:181-183 White J, Maxim P, Gyimah S. 2003. Labour Force Activity of Women in Canada: A Comparative Analysis of Aboriginal and Non-Aboriginal Women. The Canadian Review of Sociology and Anthropology. 40. 4:391-415.

Industrial Grinders Essay

With the introduction of less costly plastic rings by company, Henri Poulenc, Industrial Grinders is faced with a decision of a total changeover from steel rings to plastic rings for their machines that would also fit similar machines manufactured by other companies. Henri Poulenc has introduced the less expensive plastic rings in a small market affecting 10% of Industrial Grinders’ sales . Industrial Grinders believes the market will eventually change-over to all plastic rings. Industrial Grinders must decide a timeline for changing production. It is estimated that production could begin by mid-September. With raw steel and steel rings already in inventory, IG must sell-off existing inventory before changing total production to all plastic rings. a. Plastic Rings versus Steel Rings Steel rings last approximately 2 months Plastic rings last approximately 8 months 100 steel rings cost $263.85 to produce 100 plastic rings cost $66.60 to produce At a weekly profit/Loss, Net income for 690 steel units would be $390.00 At a weekly profit/Loss, Net income for 172.5 plastic units would be $437.80 If sales continue at 690 units per week from May to mid-September, 10,350  units will have been sold, leaving 15,100 steel rings in inventory at a cost value of $39,713. This would require approximately 22 more weeks of sales to deplete inventory. As steel rings will last for two months, the sale of existing steel rings will have a faster turn- around time for continued depletion of stock. Knowing that Henri Poulenc is affecting sales in only a small portion of Industrial Grinders’ territory, retooling for plastics should also begin while steel rings are being phased out. Industrial Grinders can continue to charge the same amount, or more, for its plastic rings, as Henry Poulenc has set the standard in pricing. During the upcoming slack period, the company will employ workers at 70% of regular wages to finish all steel production, while full-time staff completes retooling on available machines. Examine alternative theories, assumptions and ideas: a. Rings account for a substantial portion of Industrial Grinder’s revenue. b. Plastic rings, sold by Henry Poulenc, are sold for at least the same amount as Industrial Grinder’s steel rings. c. Only 10% of Industrial Grinder’s market is affected by Henry Poulenc. d. Henry Poulenc is the only company producing plastic rings. e. Shipping weight for plastic rings is less than steel rings. f. As plastic ring use spreads, the customer will demand the longer lasting plastic ring. g. Steel ring production will be phased out due to market demand for plastic rings. As the future production of rings within the industry will undoubtedly change from steel to plastic, Industrial Grinders must take swift action to keep up with industry changes and customer needs – jumping ahead of further competition. However, taking into consideration the 8 month life of plastic rings and their lower production cost as opposed to the 2 month life of steel rings at a higher production cost, sales must increase to sustain the higher profit margin of plastic rings. Determine the appropriate actions, alternatives or conclusions for the case: Industrial Grinders should change to plastic ring production. As plastic rings have been introduced by competitor, Henry Poulenc, rings with a longer life will be in increasing demand by customers. Industrial Grinders must forge ahead and heavily market the plastic rings as a better product for their customers. The plastic rings are less expensive to make, less costly to ship but have a longer life on machines. Although some revenue will be lost due to the longer life of plastic, Industrial Grinders will recoup losses with added sales. 2. Inventory Analyzing the cause of the problem or situation A changeover to plastic rings poses a problem for Industrial Grinders. Its inventory of special steel and inventory of produced steel rings must be dealt with before or during the production of plastic rings. a. Raw Steel The raw steel inventory cost value is $26,444. The steel cannot be sold to another party and will have to be used or counted as a loss to the company. b. Steel Rings The steel ring inventory cost value is $67,149. These rings could be sold within the existing market.The total cost of raw steel and steel rings inventory exceeds $93,000.00. The decision whether to use all raw steel and sell all existing steel rings becomes a major concern within Industrial Grinder’s management. Examine alternative theories, assumptions and ideas: a. Industrial Grinders wants to change from steel rings to more cost effective plastic rings. b. Management does not want to absorb the cost of unused inventory. c. Not all management agrees on use of raw steel inventory. d. The introduction of plastic rings will spread throughout the industry. e. Industrial Grinders could produce steel rings while retooling some machines for plastic production. f. Industrial Grinders could sell existing steel rings and take a loss on raw steel. Determine the appropriate actions, alternatives or conclusions for the case: Industrial Grinders is faced with a financial decision regarding disposition  of current inventory. Believing that the future lies with the more cost effective plastic rings, IG should continue to sell existing steel ring inventory while producing further steel rings, using the raw steel inventory on hand. The plant down time could use excess labor to deplete the raw steel. During this period, retooling could also occur and plastic ring production would begin. The machining changeover would be possible with a minimal cost of $1800.With Henry Poulenc affecting only 10% of IG sales, Industrial Grinders should deplete stock and introduce plastic rings. 3. Management Concerns Analyzing the cause or problem of the situation: Within management, it is agreed that plastic rings should be produced. However, the disposition of inventory on hand is not agreed upon between sales management / engineering and plant management/ parent company management. a. Sales Manager, Harry Greiner, believes inventory could be counted as a loss. Plastic production should begin and steel rings should no longer be sold. Selling both steel and plastic would be cause for market retaliation. b. Development Engineer , Anders Ericsson, is concerned about inventory not being depleted by plastic ring production in September. c. German Plant General Manager, Lawrence Bridgeman, is concerned about inventory. He believes, at the onset, that plastic rings should only be sold in markets affected by Henry Poulenc. d. Parent Company Head, Hein Van Boetzalaer, agrees to plastic rings but states that IG must use inventory. Examine alternative theories, assumptions and ideas: a. All but the Sales Manager are concerned about inventory cost. b. Selling plastic rings within some markets may cause steel ring sales to slump when other customers learn of the plastic rings and their longer life. c. The raw inventory could be in production during plant down time. d. The existing steel rings could be sold while the raw steel could be accepted as a loss. e. Henry Poulenc is the only company producing plastic rings. f. IG has time within the industry to sell all existing inventory while retooling for immediate production of plastic rings. Determine the appropriate actions, alternatives or conclusions for the case: Industrial Grinders upper management should implement the course of using and selling the existing inventory while retooling for plastic rings. Although sales and engineering opinions are taken into account, the idea of taking a loss for inventory on hand is unacceptable in IG’s current position. Henry Poulenc only affects 10% of IG’s current market. Upper management must make the decision on the company’s future operations. It is not proven that IG’s total market must immediately receive plastic rings. Depleting inventory, while offering plastic rings in the affected market , is an acceptable alternative. Depleting inventory first, then changing to all plastic rings is also an acceptable alternative. However, the parent company must decide the fate of inventory and future plastic production.

The Impact of Co-teaching on the Student Achievement

The term co-teaching refers to a teaching practice whereby two or more professional teachers are involved in delivering substantive instructions to a group or class of students, who are diverse and blended. The delivering of instructions by the teachers occurs in a single physical space. In this arrangement of teaching, the regular and special educators (co-teachers) are involved in teaching students who belong to the same class. In some cases, co-teachimg is done in order to assist students with disabilities or those with learning difficulties, as compared to other students in the class (Brooks, V.2004).The two educators in co-teaching are referred to as the regular and the special educators. The responsibility of a regular educator includes the preparing of the general class content as well as the lesson plan. The special educator on the other hand is responsible for adapting the content of what is to be taught to the students. In addition, the special educator presents the class c ontent in a manner that meets the needs of the students especially those who may have learning difficulties.It is therefore important to note that in co-teaching, the special and the regular educators have their different responsibilities and roles. However,the teachers are expected to work together in harmony so that each individual student ‘s learning needs are catered for. Co-teaching is one of the ways through which collaborative teaching can occur (Adams, L. et al. 1993). Collaborative arrangement based on co-teaching brings together two educators (regular and special) and the related personnel in order to ensure that students with disabilities have all their learning needs met.This requires the teachers to spend some reasonable amount of time in a regular class so that students are provided with the appropriate support. A teaching program that adopts co-teaching as a teaching practice should always be effective for both the teachers and the students. This ensures that th e objectives of co-teaching are achieved. The concept of co-teaching has existed in the education system for some time now. This method of teaching has been growing very fast in schools due to the important role it plays on student achievement.Though effective as a teaching tool, co-teaching has faced some challenges when it comes to evaluation as well as supervision. Just like in the other teaching practices, co-teaching requires the teachers to prepare a co-teaching module in order to increase the success of the education programs. Thesis Statement Co-teaching has now become a very popular method of teaching in many schools. As a concept, the teaching arrangement aims at meeting the needs of all students, including the disabled and those with learning difficulties.This aims at boosting the students’ achievement. The objectives of the education programs that are used in class can be easily achieved through effective co-teaching. This will involve the adoption of good co-teac hing relationships as well as skills. Co-teaching has some impact on the student achivement. In this paper, both the lesser and the greater impacts of co-teaching on the student achievement will be discussed. Discussion Co-teaching increases student achievement by developing a good learning environment.Having a good classroom environment enables students to perform well, because it ensures that factors that increase the students’ achievement are always present. The students show poor performance when the classroom environment hinders their proper concentration and understanding in their learning (Cowley, S. 2006). Therefore, a good learning environment improves the performance of the students and vice versa. A good example of a good classroom environment that improves student performance is the one that is heterogeneous.The co-teaching programs are very instrumental in creating a heterogeneous classroom environment (Cook, L. 2004). This discourages monotony in learning, hence learning becomes exciting and enjoyable for the students. When students enjoy learning, they become more engaged in learning and they are ready to work hard in order to perform well. The increased participation of students in learning promotes a healthy teacher-student relationship, which is very important when it comes to effective teaching and good performance in students.Co-teaching creates more room for learning and sharing for both the teachers and the students, which is a great step towards positive achievement in students. Co-teaching facilitates positive achievement in students through improved instruction. Through the co-teaching programs, the teachers are able to deliver improved instruction to the students. Due to the students’ different academic abilities, the teachers have a great responsibility of ensuring that the students achieve their learning objectives despite their different academic abilities (Kyriacou, C. 2000).The differences are used to determine what needs to be done so as to assist a particular student. For instance, while some students are academically gifted, the others have average ability. In addition, some students are always at the risk of failing in class due to their low academic ability and lack of effective teaching methods by the teachers. It is only by identifying the individual students’ academic abilities that teachers can offer the necessary assistance to students who need special attention. For example, the ability of the disabled students to perform well depends on how well their special needs are met in class.There is need for teachers to ensure that all students learn well, despite the differences in their academic abilities. This can be done by assisting the students to maximize their potential in class. This is what co-teaching does through improved instruction. The needs of the students based on their different academic abilities are well addressed in co-teaching. This improves the achievement of t he students, since their learning needs are addressed on time and in the right manner. The problems that are faced by the students can always be solved at the right time to promote good student achievement.In any profession, having unique professional relationships encourages commitment and dedication of the workers. In the teaching profession, teachers who have unique professional relationships are able to work together in a complementary manner. Because professional relationship has to be built on trust, communication, parity, and respect, the co-teachers integrate these values in their teaching (Richard, A. et al 2008). When the teaching is based on positive values, the students are able to learn properly.This increases the students’ ability to adopt learning based on values that maximize their potential, hence they show a high level of achievement. Creating a sense of belonging and support in the classroom encourages the sharing of learning experiences between the teacher s and the students (Rosenberg, M. 2003). This means that all learning experiences, whether good or bad can be shared. For instance, co-teachers who have been involved in teaching programs have clearly stated that they have enjoyed a sense of support fostered by the teaching programs.Therefore, teachers are always able to share a spectacular lesson with the students. On the other hand, whenever a lesson is challenging, the teachers are able to share their experiences. When students feel that they need to share their learning experiences with the teachers, they are able to appreciate learning. Since the students feel obliged to participate in the learning process, they can perform well to achieve what is expected of them. This increases the students’ achievement. Co-teaching is an innovative approach in teaching, which has both the conceptual and operational aspects.There is need to develop and adopt co-teaching programs through proper planning, implementation, and also evaluat ion. One of the impacts of co-teaching on student achievement is closely related to solving the problem of stigmatization of the students with disabilities. In a regular class, students with disabilities are sometimes faced with learning difficulties due to being perceived as â€Å"different†. This means that the students tend to be disadvantaged when it comes to learning because of their nature of being disabled.The other students in class may stigmatize the students who are disabled because they consider them as lacking something. Consequently, the students with special needs may be treated unfairly by the others due to their special needs. By being stigmatized, students with special needs may tend to show poor performance in class. They fail to meet the goals of the courses that they are taught in class. In order to improve the performance of these students and to increase their achievement, co-teaching can be used (Marston, N. Accesed on October 9, 2008). This is very ben eficial to the students.The teachers who are involved in co-teaching programs are able to deliver their services effectively to the students who are disabled, and therefore have special needs. The stigmatization of the students is greatly reduced, a situation that has been proved to improve the performance of the students. Through the co-teaching programs, the teachers increase understanding of the students about the content of the courses that the students are taught. This motivates the students to learn, as well as to share what they have learned in class with the others.In addition to increasing the students’ understanding, co-teaching advocates for respect towards the disabled children from the fellow classmates. The fact that the disabled students have special needs means that they may require some special attention from the others, a situation that the fellow students may try to ignore. When co-teaching promotes respect for the disabled and minimizes their stigmatizatio n, the student achievement in learning increases. It is very important to note that, co-teaching takes care of the students’ and teachers’ needs.For instance, co-teaching advocates for a teaching approach that minimizes transitions when students show the tendency to disrupt transitions. At the same time, co-teaching approaches create room for frequent changes so that the students’ needs for extra motivation are encouraged. Co-teaching approaches promote the addressing of the teachers’ needs. The approach can either allow independent teaching for teachers with different teaching styles, or working together within a shared approach. The most appropriate approach can then be adopted depending on the teachers’ and students’ needs.The student achievement is increased when the most appropriate approach in co-teaching is adopted. For instance, a student can be able to have a more detailed observation in the learning process. A teaching approach, â €Å"One teach, One Observe† has teachers decide on the type of observational information that needs to be gathered during instruction in advance. The teachers can then easily agree on the best gathering data. The co-teachers are then able to analyze information, which they can use constructively in the classroom. Instructional fragmentation in learning affects the performance of students negatively.This often occurs when service delivery options are offered to students in the learning process. This requires the students to leave the classroom so as to receive the services, a situation that promotes instructional fragmentation. This can be well minimized when students do not have to leave the classroom in order to receive instructions. When students receive instructions through the co-teaching programs, the instructional fragmentation is minimized. This is because, the students do not necessarily leave the classroom to receive the services.Well referred to as the co-teacher, t he special service provider improves student learning by their good understanding of the class curriculum. This means that the curriculum is well developed and implemented to suit the needs of the students (Moran, G. 1997). In addition to this, a special service provider is empowered by the co-teaching programs to understand well the academic expectations. By understanding the curriculum, the teacher concentrates on issues that aim at ensuring that the performance of the students is always improving.Co-teaching encourages the development of a teaching model that promotes positive achievement in students. The teaching models used in co-teaching require individual teachers to always bring certain characteristics and knowledge voluntarily in class. This is further complemented by skills that the teachers voluntarily use in class. Since teachers have special personal charateristics, bringing their characteristics in class voluntarily enable them to work effectively with the other teache rs. By working together in harmony, the teachers are able to strengthen each other in teaching (Jill, A. ET al.2007). A co-teaching model requires teachers to have sets of common skills as well as common knowledge. Furthermore, the teachers show knowledge that is specific to discipline. Through the models, teachers are able to coordinate classroom activities to suit the needs of the students, and to facilitate learning in a good classroom environment. Since teaching becomes voluntary for teachers, they are able to fully maximize their potential in teaching. When the teachers deliver their best, the students on the other hand receive the best. This no doubt improves the performance of the students in class.The classroom dynamics based on co-teaching models make the classroom interactions very unique. Having well defined classroom responsibilities and duties allows the teachers to specialize on particular classroom topics (Gail, E. et al. 2001). These topics can be taught intensively such that the students’ understanding about a particular topic is increased. The teachers are then able to provide support to individual students by ensuring that a whole class instructional flow is successfully maintained. A co-teaching curriculum is very instrumental in reflecting the students’ needs.By so doing, the curriculum is then implemented with the aim of addressing the compensatory, developmental, and academic skills. The student achievement is boosted when skills are improved based on how the co-teaching curriculum is implemented. The students’ efforts are easily monitored by the teachers in a co-teaching program. The students’ performance can be improved when the curriculum and the teaching techniques are reviewed (Ellis, V . 2004) this calls for appropriate teaching measures based on the weaknesses and the strengths of a co-teaching curriculum.Another co-teaching approach, â€Å"One Teach, One Drift†, allows teaching by one teacher wh ile the co-teacher at the same time assists students in class without disrupting the one who is teaching. The student supervision by the teachers is important in good student perfomance. This is what the â€Å"Parallel Teaching† co-teaching approach does. Through such an approach, the students who have been involved in co-teaching have had their class achievement increased greatly. Other approaches that can be used in co-teaching include Station Teaching, Alternative Teaching, and Team Teaching.The diversity of teaching approaches offers teachers an opportunity to adopt the best and the most appropriate teaching approach based on the different and diverse student needs. This encourages proper matching of a given particular approach with the needs. The students’ achievement is increased when proper teaching approaches are adopted in teaching (Curren, R. 2006). Students in a co-teaching program are able to develop a comfortable relationship with the teachers through the well-built relationship between the two parties. The students can express themselves freely, sense harmony, and tension that may exist in a learning environment.A positive relationship can easily be established between a teacher and students in a co-teaching program. Through the relationship, misunderstandings that may arise in class are minimized (Capel, S. , and Turner, T. 2005). The problems that may arise in a class room environment are then resolved before they affect the students’ performance negatively. Co-teaching creates a cohesive classroom where the teacher and the students are able to work together towards achieving the goals of the courses taught in class. While they appreciate the strengths of what they experience during the learning process, they also recognize the weaknesses.By recognizing the weaknesses, the teachers and the students strive to turn the weaknesses into opportunities of improving learning. Furthermore, learning that integrates Individualized Ed ucation Plans can be developed. The plans are very important in ensuring that the needs of the students are well taken care of. Through co-teaching, the teachers are able to take risks . This means that new methods of teaching can be explored. This makes it easy for teachers to learn from each other, and hence they can grow as professionals. Conclusion Learning is very important in any society, whether formal or informal (Cohn, L.1976). The teaching methods in formal and informal education differ, but the two shares certain priciples. In formal education, co-techinh has bee used as one of the most effective teaching practices when it comes to assisting the students to improve their perfomance. This increases the students’ achievement. The impact of co-teaching in student achievement varies. Co-teaching uses different approaches. Despite the differences, the most important thing in co-teaching is to ensure that the students’ needs are appropriately addressed in a class environment. ReferencesAdams, L. , Cessna, K. , and Friend, M. (1993). Effectiveness Indicators of Collaboration in Special Education. General Education Co-teaching Final Report. Denver; Colorado. Department of Education Brooks, V. (2004). Preparing to Teach in Secondary Schools. Open University Press Capel, S. , and Turner, T. (2005). Learning to Teach in the Secondary School. Routledge Cohn, L. (1976). The Good Old Manners as Seen through the Sears. Ayer Publishers Cook, L. (2004). Co-teaching; Principles, Practices, and Pragmatics www. ped. state. nm. us/seo/library/qrtrly. 0404.coteaching. 1cook. pdf Accessed on October 9, 2008 Cowley, S. (2006). Getting the Buggers to Behave. Continuum International Publishing Group Ltd Curren, R. (2006). A Companion to the Philosophy of Education. Paperback Edition Ellis, V. (2004). Learning and Teaching in Secondary Schools. Learning Matters Ltd Gail, E. , Arnold, A. , Cynthia, W. (2001). Renaissance in the Classroom: Arts Integration and Mea ningful Learning. Published by Lawrence Erlbaum Associates Jill A. , Dianne K. , Judith K. , Kristin M. (2007). Common-sense Classroom Management forSpecial Education Teachers, Grades 6-12. Corwin Press Kyriacou, C. (2000). Stress-Busting for Teachers. Nelson Thornes Publishers Marston, N. Six Steps to Successful Co-teaching www. nea. org/teachexperience/spedk031113. html Accessed on October 9, 2008 Moran, G. (1997). Showing How: The Act of Teaching. Continuum International Publishing Group Richard, A. , Jackqueline, S. , and Anne, N. (2008). A Guide to Co-teaching: Practical Tips for Facilitating Student Learning. Corwin Press Publishers Rosenberg, M. (2003). Life-Enriching Education. Puddle Dancer Press

Driving change Assignment Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 250 words

Driving change - Assignment Example Merchandise factors entails stocking the merchandise that appeals to retail shoppers and locating it in strategic areas for customer access. Effective merchandising has the potential of matching demand and supply, thus reducing unnecessary inventory, while ensuring that customers get the products they want when they need them (Krafft & Mantrala, 2010). Pricing is an important driver for change because it determines the revenue of a retail store, while influencing customers’ perceptions of quality. Wal-Mart has been on the forefront in implementing low-cost leadership strategy in its management and operations, with the goal of managing price for competitive advantage (Krafft & Mantrala, 2010). Supply chain management is another key driver for change in the retail industry because it has the potential of increasing customer value. Management of the supply chain system reduces inventory costs, while generating value for the retail customers, thus improving competitiveness of a st ore. Wal-Mart has been on the forefront in streamlining its supply chain thus enabling it to respond to customer demands in a timely manner. Finally, technology is another driver for change, where Wal-Mart has been on the forefront in implementing technologies such as radio frequency identification and CRM. The impact of these factors includes increased competition, shrinking market share and profit margins, and increased consolidation of retail stores (Krafft & Mantrala, 2010). To address these challenges, Wal-Mart has been selective in its growth strategies. However, there need for Wal-Mart to focus on retail innovation, creating centers for excellence and customer value and implementing cost control and management strategies. Wal-Mart may also focus on emerging markets such as China and India where consumers are prices

The Rewards For Caring for a Pet Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

The Rewards For Caring for a Pet - Essay Example Having a dog as a pet is a big responsibility and requires that the owner give as much to the pet as they expect in return. A dog can't get to the doctor, shop for dog food, or open the door to go outside. The well cared for dog needs a human's attention on a regular basis. The rewards that are gained from a happy and healthy dog come from giving your dog the proper care and treatment that they need. The care for any new dog in the household begins when the puppy is just a few weeks old and lays a foundation for its future good health. As a puppy, the first trip outside the home will probably be to visit a veterinarian to get the preventative care that they need to stay healthy. The veterinarian will typically give the dog a series of shots that prevent the dog from acquiring such illnesses as distemper and rabies. This will usually be followed up at a later date by the second series of booster shots, including de-worming, that ensures that the dog will have a lifetime of immunity to the diseases that most commonly afflict dogs. These initial vet visits will be augmented throughout the life of the dog by ongoing treatments for other threats to a dog's health. The veterinarian gives the dog the first line of defense against the major canine ailments, but it is up to the owner to provide regular and ongoing treatment for additional problems that face the dog. The veterinarian can give the dog a pill that kills any existing worms and will need to work with the owner to maintain a regimen of ongoing treatment to eliminate the possibility of a lethal case of heartworms (Crans). In addition, a dog can be subject to fleas, mites, skin conditions, and ear infections that may require additional treatment. The owner needs to regularly observe the animal for signs of unusual scratching or behavior that might indicate a health problem. There are many products such as flea collars, pills, and drops that provide lasting prevention for fleas and ticks (Potter). In addition, the dog's ears require regular cleaning and many other conditions can be attended to with over the counter medicines or with the help of a veterinarian. A dog that is in good health will have a healthy appetite and it is essential to maintain a proper diet to make a happy dog. While many dogs enjoy people food, it can be a recipe for bad health. A steady diet of table scraps is usually not well balanced in terms of the fat and protein that fit the special needs of a dog. Improper feeding or overfeeding can cause a dog to become overweight and places undue strain on the dog's well being. The dog's diet should reflect the proper mix of protein, fat, carbohydrates, and vitamins. The dog's veterinarian, or reliable Internet information, can recommend good food or provide the nutrient requirements that are required for a healthy dog. Dog owners can usually do very well if they buy a high-quality dry dog food and add some meat broth, leftover vegetables, or lean meat scraps (Building a Balanced Diet). In addition to eating the correct food, it is important to not overfeed the dog. Some dogs may eat until the food is gone and the quantities will need to be monitored. The correct amounts are printed on all dog food packaging to make the owner's job easy. Following these simple steps will result in a dog that is fit and trim.

The Impacts of Fast Foods on Obesity and Weight of College Students Assignment

The Impacts of Fast Foods on Obesity and Weight of College Students - Assignment Example These types of foods have been strongly criticized particularly due to issues of health. Many studies have, in fact, attributed the high level of overweight and obesity to these foods. This paper intends to look into the impact of fast foods on obesity and overweight because these are health concerns that have originated very many diseases nowadays. Obesity is a medical condition whereby the body of an individual contains very high level of body fats to a level of occasioning adverse health impacts. When the body mass index (BMI) is greater than 30 kg/m2, a person is said to be suffering from obesity. Such a person is highly susceptible to diseases such as type II diabetes, heart diseases, osteoarthritis and certain types of cancers, among many others (Haslam and James, 2005). The fast spread of fast foods in restaurants has generated a lot of debate especially regarding the impact of such foods on the health of people. In fact, many nutritionists and health professionals have cautioned their clients against overconsumption of such foods as they claim their health risk can be massive (Abdollah, 2007; Mcbride, 2008; Mair et al. 2005). However, it is notable that the evidence that links fast food to obesity and gain in weight is not very convincing. Most of those who claim that it fast foods is responsible for obesity have conducted their research on very small samples hence narrowing the validity of their generalization. A recent study by Rosenheck (2008), on the relationship between fast foods and obesity, it was found that the results from observational studies have not been able to establish a link between obesity and fast foods. A couple of recent studies have paid attention to fast foods restaurant as possible contribute avenues of gaining weight (Philipson and Posner, 2008). Anderson and Matsa (2009) concentrate on the connection between obesity and feeding habits, whereby the related the presence of many restaurants around the highway in a  rural area and the eating habits. However, they found no credible link between obesity and restaurants.  Ã‚  

Rigoberta Menchu An Indian woman in Guatemala Essay

Rigoberta Menchu An Indian woman in Guatemala - Essay Example This book had a huge impact amongst people worldwide. It brought into forefront the sufferings of her people and gave the issue the much required attention and sympathy. This book opened up doors for the poor Guatemalan farmers who previously had no say under the oppressive militia regime. Besides, having a dictator for a government they were themselves illiterate and completely disconnected from the rest of the world. The book after being published in twelve different languages including English spread the message of these poor peasants all over the world and very soon Rigoberta Menchu became a well known social activist. She was awarded the Nobel Peace Prize in 1992 and made a goodwill ambassador for the UNESCO. This book was mainly an autobiography of Menchu herself that describes the condition and plight of the native Indian laborers working in various plantations owned by the whites skinned people in and around Guatemala and it starts in a very interesting manner with Menchu stating in bold terms â€Å"My name is Rigoberta Menchu...this is my testimony. I didnt learn it from a book and I didnt learn it alone. Id like to stress that it’s not only my life, it’s also the testimony of my people...my personal experience is the reality of a whole people (cited in Debray and Wright p.1). Thus, besides being an autobiography, this book speaks for her entire genre. Menchu was born in Chimel, Guatemala, to Vicente, a leader of his village and a preacher and Juana Tum a practicing midwife. Her family belonged to the group of Quiche tribe of Mayan origin and followed a mixed culture of Mayan rites combined with Roman Catholic beliefs. Her childhood was spent amidst the Guatemalan civil war which increased in vigor and force as she grew up. Political complexities were a part of her growing up years and she was soon deeply involved in this civil war, fighting with the Indian rebels against the

Interaction Theories Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Interaction Theories - Essay Example Over the past few weeks, there has been some distance between the two, which Jade translated as diminishing interest and ignorance, not knowing that Mason was under job stress and pressure. One night over a phone conversation between the two, Mason was more silent and seemed disinterested in the conversation. This upset Jade, who quickly ended the conversation and sent him a text expressing her feelings. Mason’s reply was that since they were in a long distance relationship, they had little to talk about and that she was blowing his reasons for silence out of proportion. After several exchanges and arguments, the couple finally realized that they both lead busy lives, but they must ensure that they put positive efforts for their relationship to work. The argument was also a revelation for Mason. It presented Jade as a sensitive person who needs constant attention. She also holds her emotions within her when she gets upset. Eventually, the couple came to a mutual agreement. Mas on now understood her better and apologized to her. Application Evolutionary psychology is a biological approach that seeks to explain human behavior and interaction with other humans. The emphasis of the theory in human relations includes parenting, interactions within relatives and families, and interactions with unrelated people. According to this theory, most of the human behavior is explainable by internal psychological mechanisms (Chadee, 2011). In essence, this theory attributes human behaviors to adaption and psychological mechanisms, which are responses to particular contingencies in their environment, and their selection depends on their contribution to survival and reproduction. Jade’s father left at a very tender age. She therefore developed psychological mechanisms that made her sensitive, seeking attention for that fatherly love. This explains her past relationship problems, and the recent one with Mason. Her ideal romantic partner is one who cares and listens t o her. Luckily, Mason now understands her. Attachment theory explains the dynamics and principles of long-term relationships between people. The theory has an extension of adult romantic relations by Philip Shaver and Cindy Hazan. The attachment theory explains four styles of attachments in adults: anxious-preoccupied, secure, fearful-avoidant, and dismissive-avoidance (Chadee, 2011). Securely attached adults have positive views of themselves, their relationships, and their partners. They are comfortable with independence and intimacy. In the dismissive-avoidant group, adults seek independence, avoiding attachment completely. They consider themselves invulnerable to feelings and self-sufficient. They suppress their feelings and distance themselves when rejected. With fearful-avoidant adults, there is mixed feelings and reactions on emotional closeness. They desire the closeness, and at the same time feel uncomfortable. They consider themselves unworthy and mistrust their partners. A nxious-preoccupied individuals need approval, responsiveness, and high levels of intimacy. As a result, they become overly dependent on their partners (Chadee, 2011). These adults have less positive views of themselves and their relationship, are less trusting, and display high levels of impulsiveness, worry, and emotional expressiveness. Jade fits well in the anxious-preoccupied style of attachment. This is evident from her emotional

How Did the Protestant Reformation Affect Colonization in the Colonies Research Paper

How Did the Protestant Reformation Affect Colonization in the Colonies - Research Paper Example These preachers mainly had their presence in the areas of northern and central Europe. Protestant Reformation and their followers questioned the position of the Pope. The way in which the Catholic Church looked into religion of Christianity was questioned by this group of Protestants. In the era prior to the Protestant Reformation, the entities that had control over the political power of the country aligned with the Church and there was a concentration of the authority. They claimed that the way in which the power remained in the Church and thereby on the Pope were not acceptable in the modern society. There should be an equitable distribution of power between the Church as well as the princes and pastors who read the Bible. They argued that this political and religious concentration of power in the hands of the Pope should be abolished (Brady 173). This protest and exhibition of the new idea would result in a number of persecutions and wars that the world would witness. History of Protestant Reformation and Colonialism In the medieval the entire Europe happened to believe in Christianity as the guiding light of the people and relied on the teachings of Jesus Christ. However, a sect of the population started questioning the authority of the Pope of Rome. The administrative set up was such that there were smaller units of state and the ruler of each state would determine what religion the people of that state would follow. A large section of the people had shifted to the newly discovered lands of America. These territories belonged to the original states of England, France, Spain, Sweden and Netherlands in Europe. The incident of the discovery of America and the outbreak of the Protestant movement happened almost at the same time. It had a far-reaching effect on the way the new lands were set up and the way people got settled there. The concepts of territorialism came into the scene when the various communities lived in the same land with religious diversity. T hroughout Europe there was a mix in the culture and the religious beliefs. Hence there was not a single religion or faith that governed the people of Europe through many wars were fought to make one central religion by the different groups. The religious rulers of the different states of Europe tried to extend their authority to the America as well. This history has lets its evidence in some of the places of Canada, Mexico and the USA. Another idea that was central to the theme of Protestant Reformation was the freedom of conscience for the people. The people of America were liberated and they had the autonomy to pursue any religious belief that they wished to follow. The idea that was newly formed in the minds of the people was that there was one God and he was the supreme power. The Pope of Rome was not the only mediator. The common people could reach to God through other ways as well. They were free to advocate the religious faith that they believed in and worship God in the form they wanted to. Ideas of Martin Luther King Martin Luther was originally a Catholic himself who had challenged the supremacy of the papal rule. The ideas that he gave was extremely revolutionary in nature and it created turmoil in entire Germany at first and then in Europe.  

Reflection of the Films Every Child Is Special Essay Example for Free

Reflection of the Films Every Child Is Special Essay We all know that there’s a difference between special children and normal children but both have similarities. For instance, they both have talents and perspective towards life. They can play and have fun in their own. Both need attention and discipline from their parents to avoid any misconception while they are growing and guide them from learning. Special children need more attention and extra help to develop their social skills. Parents must be extra careful with their special children because they have special needs to be attended. Also, they need to be understood by their family and everyone around them to gain more confidence about themselves and can interact well. On the other hand, normal children can develop their social skills on their own and can gain friends. They can play with another child and gradually learning to share and take turns. They can join in groups and enjoy group experiences. Their needs are easily observe and directly accommodated but still need guidance. These children are part of the society, whether they have disabilities or just normal ones and they must be respected. see more:every child is special reflection Every one of us has rights in the society we are in and that includes them. They have the right to choose whoever they want to become and whatever they want to do but with a proper given guidance and attention. The happiness and joy they brought will never be unmatchable especially to their parents. The story of the film Every Child is Special is a kid suffering from dyslexia and with the help of an understanding teacher he overcomes it against all odd. There’s a scene when the protagonist runs away from school and loiters on the road for the whole day for the fear of being punished for not having done his homework. It never happened to me and I never did a thing like that in school but I didn’t say that I’m not lazy rather than I’m not like the protagonist of the story who runs away and would not do anything. The comparison might not be warranted but this is just one of those scenes which made me realize the importance of guidance and understanding of parents. Unlike the protagonist who suffered from learning disabilities such as reading because for him the letters are dancing, his writing don’t match the right spelling of words and dealing with numbers with difficulty, I learned quite fast and I also helped myself from learning the things that must be learned while in starting years in school. In spite of his learning disabilities, there’s a person who willingly teaches him and knows best for him because of his illness. His new art teacher, also a teacher of a child school with disabilities found out the reasons why he’s not active and always down.

Analyze the Learner

Analyze the Learner Analyze the Learner General characteristics: I attend the Hac Ãâ€"mer Tarman Anatolian high school in class 11-FC. There are 27 students, 16 of them are boy the remains are girl. Although their learning abilities are nearly the same because they took the same exam before enter this school, they have some differences in their cognitive levels. So from time to time I have to use different methods to attract their attention. Students socioeconomic levels are different and this affects their achievement. Because students that have low economic status could not get private lessons. In addition that while giving research project I realized their economic conditions. Students are aware of the importance of lecture because they know the university entrance exam are very important for their future life so they do not miss any single hour. Entry competencies: In order to understand the whether the students have necessary prerequisites and knowledge I will make a pretest to understand these. For example before starting acid base concept students should know some concepts from 9th class. These can be * Matter * Nomenclature of compound * Chemical reactions and calculations * Mole concept * Solutions and molarity And also for achieving these concepts they ought to have these skills mentioned below. * Reading and writing skills * Problem solving skills * Analytical and critical thinking skills * Manipulating laboratory equipment skill * Problem solving skills Learning styles: Students have different multiple intelligences so during the lecture as a instructor I should use different methods in order to motivate the learners. So they can easily the topic. It can be seen that in secondary school students are bored if the teacher use traditional method. However if they use different methods such as demonstration, role play, cooperative learning, they can understand easily, because the concepts are taught in a different manner. In addition to that giving examples from daily lives also increase students attention .but most of the teacher us lecturing method to complete the curriculum on time. But according tro me understand the topic is more important to complete the topic. So I will use analogy to teach the complex topic in an easy way and also make a demonstration so that students can easily realize what is going on, because of this reason I will prepare a video that is related to the chemistry experiment. And I will give daily life examples so students realized that chemistry is related to our life therefore they are willing to my lecture. State Objectives: The topic is in the K-10 curriculum. There are some requirements for the instruction. These include the previous knowledge from 9th grade level. At the end of the lesson 10th grade students will be able to have the following objectives. Ø General objective : Students understand the definition of acid and bases o Behavioral objectives:  § To know the meaning of acids and bases  § Describe Arrhenius acid base definition  § Describe Bronsted acid base definition  § Describe Lewis acid base definition  § To know the differences between acid base definitions Ø General objective : Students predict the use of acid and bases in daily life o Behavioral objectives:  § To give examples for acids and bases from daily life  § To distinguish the properties of acids and bases  § To explain the properties of acids and bases Ø General objective : To describe and explain the acid-base reactions and pH range o Behavioral objectives:  § To predict the products of the acid-base reactions  § To identify the acid-base strengths of the substances according to their pH range  § To write neutralization reaction Select Modify Design Instructional Methods, Media, and Materials: During the instruction students attention is the most important factor. Because of this I should use not only lecturing but also demonstrations, analogy, and questioning methods. Also students needs and interest also determines the method that I have to use. Because of these I will use videos and power point slides very often. Since students can easily understand if they can see what is going on and where the subject is used in dial life. Because of these facts I will start my lecture asking questions to motivate the students to think and giving examples, making analogies and watching videos, we will try to find the answers with class by using inquiry. Then with the help of these activities I will mention the definitions and we will discuss daily life usages with class. After that some problems are solved. At the end pf this unit I will give a handout that contains the important things about these topics and we make a discussion on them. After these I will make a mini quiz that shoes the feedback of students information Using media and materials: Preview the materials: Before lesson I will be sure that the technological devices and chemicals are present at school. Then I will check the videos and my slides if they are suitable for my students and my objectives. In addition to that I will check my handouts that are adequate for all class and I also control my recalling notes. Prepare the materials: I will prepare effective slides an videos in order to attract students attention because they use technology and they like to use technology that is why I will use different technological equipments during my lecture. In addition to that I will prepare set ups for demonstrations. Also I will make several questions that will be asked during the lecture. And if I have an extra time I will solve them. Finally I will copy the handouts for students in order to summarize what I teach them in the lesson. Prepare the environment: Classroom environment is very important factor for students achievement. I mostly concentrate on the air of the class. It should be fresh and heating system should work regularly and have an ideal temperature. The students desks should be arranged U shape so they can see slides and my demonstrations easily Prepare the Learners: At the beginning of the lecture I will summarizes the last lecture then I started my topic with a question. After that I started to my topic with a challenging question. Next, I will give brief information about what we will study and our method. During the lecture I will ask questions for brain storming and I will make them to participate the lecture so they can learn easily the subject. Provide the Learning Experience: I start my lesson with to show the chemicals and ask their opinion about them. Then I make them watch the video and at the end of the video I will ask the main differences between acid and base. After students are able to motivate, I will teach my topic by using demonstrations and questions. I should talk according to level and a do not use long sentences. So students can not lose attention. And also I know the importance of gesture and eye contact. During the lecture I will walk in the class so that they can not sleep or doing irrelevant things related to the lecture Require Learner Participation: For an effective lesson, students participation is very important so I will ask questions during the lesson in order to increase their attention to lesson and I will us inquiry method that I will not directly give the subject. But I will help them to find the statements by themselves. Moreover I encourage them to ask questions related to lecture so they can learn easily. After watching videos I will apply group work activity to discuss the video and trying to find what they have learned and observed. At the end we will make a concept map so students can understand the relationship between the subjects easily. Evaluate and Revise: Evaluate Students Performance: Before the lecture day I will give them pretests by looking of the results I van understand their previous knowledge and their cognitive level so that I will prepare my lectures according to this. For example I can decide the most efficient method and by knowing their prerequisite knowledge I can design the topical outline according to them furthermore since I know their limitations, I can concentrate on more during the lecture. At the end of the lecture I will give posttest so I will gain information what they have learned and by looking their classroom activity and their answers to my questions also a guide for their knowledge. With the help of these I can easily recognize whether they can understand the lecture and achieved the objectives. So these feedbacks are very useful for me because I will not only gain their knowledge but also understand whether my lecture is useful Evaluate Media Components: In order to determine the media effectiveness I will prepare an questionnaire to the students that can write their all emotions during the lecture, students do not write their names so students can write their feeling easily. Therefore I can rearrange my activity if they have any limitations or not. And so if it has limitations I will rearrange them in an effective way. Evaluate instructor performance: While I am evaluating students performance, I will also evaluate my own performance. If the results of these are good enough, I can accept that my performance is fine. But it this is not the case actually because I should be analyzed by other teachers and also the questionnaire results give information about the effectiveness of my teaching style. Advantages of Assure Model Ó Choosing method easy for using the learning process. Ó giving teachers opportunities to use new media and technology in their lessons Ó Being enjoyable and attractive for not only students but also teachers. Ó Be used technological devices for the lecturing by teacher. Ó Provides variety of different activities and make lesson more enjoyable Disadvantages of the Assure Model Ó Only one topic can be learn by using assure model. Other topics cannot mention. Ó Although many schools do not have technological devices, they are required in this model. Ó Preparation takes long time; therefore, it is time consuming. Ó It is expensive compared to the only lecturing method. Reflection While preparing this homework I realized that using assure model has so many advantages and increase the education level. But unfortunately most of the teachers do not use this model because their programs are too loaded and their classes are very crowded. So application of this model in turkey is difficult because it is more expensive than normal but advantages of this model camouflage these limitations Furthermore, applying assure model is very important. Because with the help of this model our students do not have to memorize everything and they can understand their lecture easily. But as I mentioned before I could not use this method every lecture because of the lack of time. if our ministry of education suggest a solution for poor and crowded schools and decrease the density of the curriculum I will be use this model usually. Moreover, I have some difficulty about how to prepare an activity by using assure model so I wrote the important steps of assure model and I explained when I will use assure model by noticing the importance of stages.

Adam Bede Example Of Literary Realism English Literature Essay

Adam Bede Example Of Literary Realism English Literature Essay Adam Bede is written by George Eliot, whose real name was Mary Ann Evans, and it was published in 1859. It was published with a pseudonymous, even if she was a well published and highly respected scholar of that period. The novel has remained in print from that time and is used in university studies of 19th century English Literature.  [1]  When we talk about realism, we mean the mode of writing that gives the impression of recording or reflectingfaithfully an actual way of life. The term refers, most of the times confusingly, both to a literary method and to a more general attitude. But what it interests us here, is the literary method which is based on detailed accuracy of description (i.e. Verisimilitude- which is very important in this period).  [2]   Adam Bede is believed that it is one of the best examples of literary realism in England and English literature. Realism, as we said above, has to do with recording the life exactly as it is. So, writers do not have to imagine characters and plots that could fit in the real world. Furthermore, realists (and here George Eliot) focus more on the characters than on the plot. Aslo, realist literature appeared in England in 1840 and remained for about fifty years. It had many differences from the previous movement, Romanticism, and people in the beginning found it difficult to deal with the new idea of Realism and its meaning. In Adam Bede George Eliot creates the false illusion of a steady and immemorial rural world. We can say that it is a realistic novel, first of all, because of the manifesto on realism in Chapter 17 and because of the plentifully observed details, which are really important in a realist novel. It also charts the consequences of moral action. The world of Adam Bede is immemorial and the village that George Eliot had chosen for her book is really very difficult to change, rather than a city, and many of the conditions of change would come from the outside (e.g. From cities). If fiction has to have the kind of validity that implied by the scientific word experiment, as a means of discovering what really would happen in certain circumstances and not what one might wish to happen, the novelists imagination must at least be as rigorously disciplined as the scientists observation. So, George Eliot must first of all, establish that the world in which the events of the novel take place, really is the world in which we live in, governed by the same natural laws that govern human existence in the world we know. If she did not convince us of this, we could hardly take her findings seriously. And we can recognize in a novel, the real world we live in à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ as we recognize people and places we know à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ not so much by their measurable extent of problems as by a whole range of variable impressions that we are often hardly aware of noticing.  [3]   The first requirment for a true fiction is the hard presence of a recognizably real world, and as we can see in many points George Eliot supplies it throught the novel. For example, when she describes the workshop of carpenter (Adams wprkshop), she tries to give us the sense of how difficult it is this work, by the use of details and descriptions. Also, in the description of the dairy in which Hetty Sorrel makes butter, we have a symphony in colours and textures. These details, make us feel like we watch the whole scene and smell the fresh butter. Adam Bede offers the radical contrast of a world shaped through and through by moral judgement and moral evaluation. Technique is that which selects among the multitude of possible qualities, organizes them in the finite world of the novel, and holds them in a shape that can catch the light of our own awareness, which without shapes to fall upon, is ignorant. Technique is like the convex or concave surface of the spoon, and the different turnings ans inclinations to which it is liable. Technique lengthens or foreshortens, and while the rudimentary relationships of common experience remain still recognizable, it reveals astonishing bulges of significance, magnifies certain parts of the anatomy of life, of whose potentialities we had perhaps not been aware, humbles others. So, the massively slow movement of Adam Bede is one such shape making technique. It is true that we are generally persuaded of the actual slow movement of rural life, and it is rural life à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ the life of villagers, tenant farmers à ¢Ãƒ ¢Ã¢â‚¬Å¡Ã‚ ¬ that George Eliot describes.  [4]   Actually, as we can see up to now, George Eliot uses many descriptions, many images and many details in order to succeed her purpose: to write a realistic novel. She also uses facts from common people who live in the country-side and they are much more sensitive to the changes of life. Of course George Eliot has done very well her job and we continue. Ian Adams article, The Structure of Realisms in Adam Bede mentions these: Whatever traps for the unwary lie in the term realism, few would quarrel over its appropriateness for Adam Bede. The characters in the novel are ordinary in either social class or native endowment and frequently in both, its tragic action grows out of a commonplace seduction, and its setting is humble and representatively agrarian. Perhaps, even more important is the treatment of these subjects: there is a high degree of consistency and historical accuracy in details of time and place, the background is richly and minutely crowded with particulars, and the account of characters motives always stresses ordinary causes, rationally explicable. He also mention that: The distinction between realism of subject and realism of procedure is an important one. Both kinds of realism exist in Adam Bede, as they do in most realistic novels, detailed presentation tending to go hand in hand with the selection of commonplace an d usually unfamiliar and unconventional subject. Realism of subject in the novel has perhaps had the most thorough treatment, particularly in discussion of the rustic background and the unheroic nature of the central characters. Ian Adam believes that Adam Bede is really a realist novel.  [5]   Another key of the realistic novel of Adam Bede is the description of the natural beauty of Englishs countryside, especially in scenes of sadness or evil. For example, when Hetty tries to find Captain Donnithorne, the countryside is very luxurious and the day is beautiful . Many people would think that this appearance of the day, represents also the beauty of Hetty; the outside,but also the outside beauty. But George Eliot here, tries to mislead us and she encourages us to look beyond the surface of people and things to their deeper characteristics. So, Eliot as we can see, tries to pass to the readers some messages about the people in the real life and she wants to make her readers more conscious. In Adam Bede George Eliot also tries to represent the life of the 19th century in England and especially in the countryside. As we can see from the novel, people faced many difficulties and the community was pretty strict. Even if some people were good some times they had to become evil and face the real life and the problems. George Eliot was also very careful about the use of language. She used the every-day language of that period in order to make the novel more persuasive about it realistic style. An example of the difficulties that people faced in the society of 19th century is the life of Adam. Adam is a hard man who learns, first through the death of his father and then through the suffering of an inferior being whom he loves, sympathy towards weakness. But what the idea of Adam represents in ones mind is not such a development, but something much more static. What it remains to the readers about him, are the qualities that he has from the first, summed up in his words to Arthur. (Ive seen pretty clear, ever since I could cast up a sum, as you can never do whats wrong without breeding sin and trouble more than you can ever see (Chapter 16) ). As we can see, Adam is a massive representation of the central Eliotic belief, but his dramatic existence, his learning through suffering, even his suffering itself, are by comparison notional.  [6]   As it mentioned in many books, the story of Adam Bede was actually the representation of the real life of George Eliot. In the beginning when people learned about that were a bit confused and afraid. It was pretty hard for them to believe that everything or pretty everything that was written in Adam Bede was in reality the life of George Eliot. This clue, could show us why the novel had so many details and descriptions. Also, because at first, the book was published anonymously, most of the readers believed that it was written by a man. Finally, to sum up, we could say that Adam Bede is one of the first realist book in England. It represents reality in many different ways, using many descriptions, a lot of details,use of everyday language, representations of landscapes full of colours and smell. Using the right methods and techniques George Eliot managed to write a realist novel which flurried not only because it was the story of the real life of George Eliot, but also because it was from the first novels with a realist context and it was pretty difficult for the readers of that period to understand it and understand its meaning. Unfortunately, there were many who fight George Eliot and Adam Bede but when the years pasted, they understood the value of this novel and they used it also in university studies. Only from this decision we can see how important was this novel for English Literature and more specific, about the Realist Literature of England.

Class and Culture in Urban American Essay -- Gangs Crimes Cultural Soc

Class and Culture in Urban American A gang is a loosely organized group of individual people who join forces for social reasons. Or anti-social reasons depending on how one looks at it. A person may join a gang for numerous reasons. These reasons include the need for â€Å"identity, discipline, recognition, love, money, and belonging.† 5 â€Å"Today there are approximately 274 Blood and Crip gangs in Los Angeles County alone.† 1 The gangs that are often in the news are usually made up of African-Americans. â€Å"African-Americans first formed street gangs in the late 1920s and early 1930s on the east side of Los Angeles near Central and Vernon Avenues. They were also forming in the downtown area of Los Angeles around the same time.† 4 Los Angeles is not the only area where gangs are visible, but it is often the area that will be associated with the topic of gang violence. â€Å"During the years to follow the early 1930s, African-Americans began to move south from downtown Los Angeles, down Central Ave towards Slauson Avenue.† 4 Whites primarily occupied this area during the 1920s, but African-Americans started moving in when the 1930s began. As the years went on and the time became closer to the present, these old gangs faded away, and new gangs surfaced. These new gangs were a more violent, dangerous type of group. Confrontations that would have led to fistfights in the 1930s progressed into fights that included chains, knives, and guns during the 1970s and 1980s. The two main names that will be associated with gang crime and activity these days are the Bloods and the Crips. These two names raise fear in most members of the community in the United States. The Bloods and the Crips are names that are synonymous with bloody ... ...ls, and parents to do their part. Together maybe we can put a halt to gang activity all together. Bibliography 1James Haskins, Street Gangs: Yesterday and Today. (Hastings House, Publishers of New York, 1984). 2www.th-record.com/1999/09/14/hygangs.htm 3www.cnn.com/US/9708/27/crips.bloods/ 4www.streetgangs.com/history/history.html 5www.gangwar.com/dynamics.html 6G. Larry Mays, Gangs and Gang Behavior. (Nelson-Hall, Publishers of Chicago, 1997). 7Mary G. Harris, Ed. D., Girls and Gangs. (AMS Press, of New York, 1988). 8Susan A. Phillips, Wallbangin: Graffiti and Gangs in L. A.. (The University of Chicago Press, 1999). 9http://web.tc.Columbia.edu/monographs/uds107/preventing_location.html 10www.expage.com/page/cripinfo 11www.streetgangs.com/topics/2000/062300deathsen.html 12www.streetgangs.com/topics/2000/081400upturn.html

Psychology of Homer Simpson Essay -- essays research papers

Homer Jay Simpson, the patriarch of the Simpson household on the Fox series â€Å"The Simpsons† is a childish, lazy man, whose hobbies include eating donuts, drinking Duff Beer, watching television, and sleeping. A victim of the â€Å"Simpsons gene† which allows for only Simpson women to possess the trait of intelligence, Homer is unfortunately as â€Å"dumb as a chimp† according to his father, Abe Simpson. However, it is mainly through the analysis of his simplistic thoughts and nature, that one can gain a real perspective on Homer’s complex personality. Spending most of his time in high school smoking, drinking beer, and getting into trouble, (He even met his wife, Marge, while serving detention.) Homer’s lack of motivation for achievement grew with him into adulthood. The fat, balding character ends up working in Sector 7G of the Springfield Nuclear Power Plant, where he holds the record for most years worked at an entry level position. Even in the opening credits of the show, he is seen negligently tossing aside radioactive waste as the whistle blows to end the workday. In addition to his laziness at work, his sloth is also displayed in his free time where he is seen either lounging on his couch while indulging in donuts and watching anything that comes on television or drinking at Moe’s Tavern with his lifelong friends, Barney, Carl, Lenny, and Moe. Homer’s mind operates in terms of Freud’s â€Å"pleasure principle†, seeking instant gratification of desires, regardless of the consequences....

Nando’s SWOT analysis Essay

1. SWOT analysis of Nadon a) Strength 1. Renowned Global chain with over 750 restaurants in over 40 countries 2. Nandos’ Flame Grilled Peri Peri Chicken is believed to be unique and the best in the world. Can choose spicy level. 3. Nando’s chicken are considered as healthy along with the superior taste as well 4. Franchisee model has allowed Nando’s to expand rapidly in global markets 5. Reasonable pricing for quality product b) Weakness 1. Lack of marketing activities and since that a low local recognition. Low brand visibility 2. Absolute focus on Chicken reduces the inflow of old customer. Weak R&D. 3. Parent company IRL’s financial trouble reduces the expansion plans of Nando’s across Indian Market c) Opportunity 1. Innovate with new items and market them as well along with Chicken 2. Hotel Industry is forecasted to grow in double digit figures, which presents a significant opportunity to Nandos 3. Online Market d) Threat 1. Intense competition from other international player in Singapore market. 2. Growth in number of players is more than the growth of the demand itself and it will lead to further competition and reduce overall profitability of the industry Speaking of best grilled chicken in the world, Nando’s Peri-Peri chicken must be one of the strongest competitors. After the company was founded in 1987, Nando’s has already operated 1000 outlets in 24 countries across 5 continents and contributed US$650 million of profit in 2012. With its global reputation and experience operating franchise in overseas, the company can easily copy and introduce their idea into Singapore market. To be believed the world’s best and unique grilled chicken dish, Nando’s signature dish  Peri-Peri chicken is well recognized by its special variety of chili sauce including lemon and herb, Mango and Lime, medium, hot and extra hot. All Nando’s chicken is Red Tractor assured, having met high standards of food safety, animal welfare and environmental protection. This means the chicken is not only tasty, but also safe and healthy. Not only chicken dishes are popular in Nando’s, a variety of new food will be also frequently updated with burgers, pitas, salads, wings and wraps (espetada as example). Famous â€Å"Corn on the cob† is not only naturally tasty but also satisfied with a surprised low pricing. In a nutshell, Nando’s product is considered as healthy along with the superior taste and the reasonable pricing, which usually costs S$20-30 per meal per person, makes their product very much affordable to median-low income customer who contributes to the majority of the society. Comparing the company’s scale of international network, however, the marketing activities are seemed not as strong as it should be in Singapore local market. According to a survey conducted by NUS students in 2013, the local recognition of branding of Nando’s is much lower than its general competitors including Aston Catering, TCC cafà ©. Some of the surveyor even thought Nando’s was a Mexico food brand that sells tacos. Also talking about Nando’s dishes, focusing on chicken as its only signature and lacking of innovation in production line will finally result in loss of interest from customer. Even though efforts were put in for new product development, the outcome still remains doubtful in whether new signature can reach the current level where the chicken dishes are holding. Besides making chicken as the main course in only 4 choices – quarter, half, whole chicken and chicken breast, the Research and Development Department – R&D has surprisingly not contributed any new signature dishes among so many choices that are available – beef, fish or pork. The wear R&D performance will in the end lead to out-dated production line and customer’s expectation will not be satisfied which in terms of loss in business. Nevertheless, it is never too late to change and get into the right direction. Innovation can be made among several of meat and fish; even the vegetable could be a great choice and turn into â€Å"Must-order† items for  vegi-lovers. Make sure the menu is updated with new items in certain period and elimination of unsuccessful dishes which can help in saving unnecessary costs. As a result, the company will be able to attract new customer as well as maintain return business. What’s more, with the booming of online business and more advance technology, online booking will be definitely a new opportunity to step in. According to a new study from Nielsen, a leading global provider of information and insights into what consumers watch and buy, global consumers’ intent to buy food and beverages online increased 44 percent in two years, with more than one-quarter (26%) of global respondents reporting they planned to purchase food and beverage products by way of a devic e with Internet access, such as a computer, mobile phone or tablet, in the next three to six months. Hence, Online Delivery benefits both customer’s convenient experience and the online market share as well. At the same time though, a lot of fast diners has already stepped into online markets like Pizza Hut, KFC, PastaMania and YOSHINOYA. Working years with local online food delivery platform, the competitors seem to have a stronger coverage and connectivity to the local online shoppers. Moreover, the growth in number of players in Singapore is more than the growth of the demand itself and it will lead to further competition and reduce overall profitability of the industry. In a nutshell, Nando’s has a very strong branding and product value which will lead to profits only once the correct marketing approaches is proceeded. And the company must understand the importance of keeping their product innovated in order to keep up the new as well as return business. With the booming of online business, Nando’s now is able to channel their product to customer in a more convenient and favorable way. At the same time, the company needs to realize that the competition has never been easier to outrun those existed company that provided online delivery service since years ago.

Emotional and practical difficulties Essay

â€Å"Approximately 240,000 children every year find themselves experiencing the emotional and practical difficulties arising from their parents separating or divorcing. † (NACCC 2001). In most cases parents can be responsible, put their own feelings aside and do what is best by their children by mutually agreeing on contact without the use of solicitors and the courts etc. Unfortunately however there are many cases where this does not occur. Usually this happens through lack of trust and communication, which develops because of many different reasons e. g.  one partner having an affair. As a result of this many children lose contact with close attachment figures and many members of their extended family. If children are denied contact with their non-residential parent they may start to feel rejected or abandoned, blame themselves for what has happened, feel increasingly insecure and may even become withdrawn and in some cases depressed. Research by the NACCC has indicated that children who experience this situation may start to take unnecessary risks or even harm themselves through feelings such as ‘I just don’t care anymore’. In many cases children have become rebellious and in some cases to the extent of anti-social behaviour within their communities and in school or wherever they can receive the most attention. Most disturbingly however many researchers state that the denial of contact can lead to a child experiencing difficulties in establishing happy and lasting relationships in adulthood and thus the cycle continues. â€Å"A Child Contact Centre is a meeting place where children of separated families can enjoy contact with one or both parents, and sometimes other family members, in a comfortable and safe environment when there is no viable alternative. † (NACCC 2001). Child Contact Centres can ensure that children involved in parental disputes can not only enjoy contact with a non-residential parent (s) and/or other family members but:There are currently 280 Child Contact Centres throughout England, Wales and Northern Ireland. Here in N. I. there are four Centres. Three of these are in Belfast and Cookstown hosts the fourth. Knock Child Contact Centre on the Kings Road in East Belfast is taken as the example. It is staffed by approximately 40 volunteers who are trained in rigorous child protection, domestic violence and conflict, confidentiality approaches and other relevant areas. The centre is organised and co-ordinated by a senior social worker. It is overseen by a management committee and is now an independent charity. During the year 1 June 2002 to 31 May 2003, 74 families used the Knock Child Contact Centre. This involved 102 children and provided 784 family contact visits or 1043 individual children’s visits. There were also 56 visits where children came but the contact adult did not attend and 80 visits where the contact adult attended but the children were not brought. These situations can be very disappointing and distressing for both children and adults. Seventy per cent of the children attending the Centre in 2002/2003 were in the 0-5 years age range (71 children), 26% were between 6 and 10 years of age (27 children) and 4% were 11 years of age and older (4 children). While the majority of contact adults are fathers, in the past year, the number of mothers coming for contact with their children has risen from 11% to 19% (14 mothers). In 10 families the resident adult was the father, in one the grandparents, one was an aunt and in two families the children were in foster care. The remaining resident adults were mothers. Most of the families using the Knock Child Contact Centre have been involved in the legal system. Sixty-three families (85%) had contact orders when they were referred to the Centre and others obtained orders during the time they were using the Centre. In 22 cases (30%) there were non molestation orders, with allegations of domestic violence in a further 16 families. The Knock Child Contact Centre is open on Saturdays from 10. 00 am till 12 noon. Between 10 and 15 families attend and there are usually 8 volunteers plus the Coordinator present. Throughout the year the Centre continued to open on Wednesdays from 2.30 to 4. 30 pm. From the middle of June 2003, this has been extended to 3. 00 – 7. 00 pm to enable older children to attend after school and also to make midweek contact available to parents who are working. Four volunteers plus the Coordinator are present on Wednesdays. Throughout the first few visits families arrive where adults are apprehensive, often hurt and angry, and children are upset and confused. Over a period of time, in most cases, tensions lessen between parents and trust and confidence begin to build again to the extent that families can move on and make their own arrangements in the community. Ideally, the Child Contact Centre is a stepping stone which provides a neutral, relaxed setting for children to build or rebuild relationships with a parent or other relative with great practical and emotional support. It is not a â€Å"normal† situation or a long-term solution. â€Å"Attachment theory supplies us with an understanding of the abiding need for secure attachments, the profound significance of separation and loss and the lifelong importance of our relationship with others. † (Fox, I. Website 1).

Fast Food and the Problems with Fast Food Essay

Fast Food Having an Effect on U. S Health Fast food chains are anywhere and everywhere. You cannot drive to town without passing at least two or three of these â€Å"restaurants. † The concept behind fast food was a good idea, but the results were catastrophic in the health aspect. Now that fast food has become one of the top industries in the world, everything has gone awry. The fast food industry has drastically changed the way people view food, how convenience is rising and the cost for products. Fast food restaurants first started as drive-ins with car hops, but in the 1980’s began with drive-thru windows. McDonald’s was one of the first ones to convert from car hops to drive-thru windows. The idea of fast food service brought about a whole new concept to how we view food. Without proper education in the health field typical Americans would not know what their body needs and what they consume. Maybe if that was the case the obesity rate and rates of chronic heart disease would plummet and we could focus on more important problems. When these restaurants began to spring up, it spread like wildfire. Sonic, McDonalds, Burger King, Wendy’s and etc. all became multi-million dollar companies. They discovered they could mass-produce products that were cheap and that could make them money faster than what they had to been doing before (Super-Size Me). Fast food has sprung up and become a leading industry because they are focused on quick, cheap food for people. Despite how bad it is for them it is cheap and fast to produce. They are extremely convenient due to the drive-thru windows that are being incorporated into any and all fast food restaurants. The food that you buy is relatively inexpensive and cheap also. Another key point to fast food restaurants popularity is that they are advertising their foods more towards the children. McDonald’s has their cartoon show that advertises their products to children along with the play places and their mascot, Ronald McDonald. They also incorporate toys and such for the kids’ meals. Burger King does something similar to McDonald’s with their characters. There are many lawsuits against corporations advertising to children for fast food, which are still being reviewed for the time being. This advertising is being sued because of the high rates of obesity in younger children is sky rocketing and chronic heart diseases at younger ages is also a factor in these lawsuits (Food, Inc). The health factors play perhaps the largest role in any type of food industry. â€Å"The disadvantages to fast food is that the products are higher in soya, fat, sugar, oil, fried meat, salt cheese, mayonnaise, and obviously salt†(Bose). There are very little nutrients in fast food if any due to the process of frying the foods to cook them. There is also bacteria present on the food before frying it which can do harm to our bodies if not destroyed also. There is a direct link between fast food and obesity, coronary heart disease (CHD) and diabetes. Fast food is loaded with salt and fats that are not needed for the body to function which after a long period of â€Å"exposure† can lead to CHD and obesity. â€Å"Eating fast food two or more times a week was also found to increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes by 27 percent† (University of Minnesota). The advantages of fast food are more for convenience than nutrition. †In a survey done by WebMD the top 11 reasons for eating fast food are as follows: They’re quick, they’re easy to get to, I like the taste of fast food, they’re inexpensive, I’m too busy to cook, it’s a â€Å"treat† for myself, I don’t like to prepare foods myself, I don’t like to prepare foods myself, My friends/family like them, it is a way of socializing with friends and family, they have many nutritious foods to offer, they’re fun and entertaining†(Hitti). This survey just shows that most Americans do not have time or do not make the time to prepare meals for themselves and their families. If families are too be healthier individuals they need to make time to prepare meals for the entire family. Choosing one day out of the week to cook meals for the whole week is a great and convenient solution to this problem. The major chains that have flourished greatly are McDonald’s with their advertising towards children and very inexpensive foods, Burger King with their better â€Å"quality† tasting food, and Sonic which kept the drive in style fast food, but incorporated a drive thru into their layout. Each of these restaurants have one thing in common, they all advertise to children as their main concentration. Keeping their restaurants friendly and geared towards kids pushes the kids to want to keep going to these places so they can eat and play. Sonic does not offer a play place or anything like what Burger King and McDonald’s have. Sonic keeps more of the older style of fast food using car hops and drive ins which plays to their advantage being one of the very few restaurants that even do this anymore. One of the biggest problems with fast food is that they try to keep us in the dark about what we are consuming. That should raise the question of what is being hidden from us. In the documentary, Food Inc. all of the corporations producing foods refused to comment on their procedures. The farmers were not even allowed to let the cameramen into their chicken houses. This alone should tell us there is something that these companies are hiding that could cause them to lose a lot of money. If you watch closely to how these companies operate then that alone should raise an eyebrow or two as to what is their big secret and why are we the consumers kept in the dark about this. For McDonalds, the chicken nuggets they sale are not actually chicken nuggets. The â€Å"nuggets† are the leftovers of the chicken made into a pink paste like substance that is then made into a chicken nugget. None of the meats made are 100 percent beef or chicken or fish. The products are leftovers of the real ingredients ground up and mixed with other products to make what we consume. Trans-fatty acids are placed into the products to preserve them which only make them worse for us, which leads to insulin resistance over time and cause Type 2 diabetes. The beef has been reported to have less than 2 percent actual beef in the burgers. Many of the mystery ingredients in fast food are typically industrial chemicals. The occurrence with deaths due to how our food is processed is becoming a major concern for most states. Unfortunately FDA regulations are very lax with food processing companies and fast food companies because some of the â€Å"big wigs† are working for these food companies (Food, Inc. ). The beef that is being processed for our consumption are typically standing in their own manure, which causes infected meats and disease ridden food. Also chicken houses are very similar to the way beef is raised. The chickens are packed into these houses and pumped with steroids so they will grow much faster and much larger than normal. This means less time spent raising the chicken and faster money in the pockets of the corporations. Food is an essential part of life. It is necessary to live and to function throughout the day. The type of food we consume is up to us, we can have healthy, nutritious food or we can have quick, unhealthy food. The choice comes down to our knowledge of what we consume and need as humans. Unfortunately fast food has changed how we view food, how convenience is a greater commodity than nutrition and the cost for products. Works Cited Bose, Debopriya. â€Å"Advantages and Disadvantages of Fast Food. † 12 Nov. 2013. Buzzle. Web. Clarke, Nancy. â€Å"Health Risks Involved When Eating Fast Food. † 9 Sep. 2013. Demand Media. Web. Food, Inc. Dir. Robert Kenner. Perf. Michael Pollan, Eric Schlosser, Gary Hirschberg, and Joe Halatin. Magnolia Pictures, 2008. Documentary. Henshaw, Ashley. â€Å"The Major Health Hazards of Fast Food. † 9 Sept. 2013. SymptomFind. Web. Hitti, Miranda. â€Å"Top 11 Reasons for Fast Food’s Popularity. † 12 Nov. 2013. WebMD. Web. Pereira, Mark, David S. Ludwig, Alex I. Kartashov, Cara B. Ebbeling, Linda Van Horn, Martha L. Slattery, David R. Jacobs. â€Å"Fast-food Habits, Weight Gain, and Insulin Resistance (The CARDIA Study): 15-Year Prospective Analysis. † 9 Sept. 2013. 365. 9453(2005): 36-42. Web. 9 Sept. 2013 Martindale, Diane. â€Å"Fast Food is a Major Public Health Hazard 177. 2380. † 2 July 2012. Organic Consumers Association. 9 Sept. 2013. Web. Super-Size Me. Dir. Morgan Spurlock. Perf. Morgan Spurlock, Daryl Isaacs, and Lisa Ganjhu. Kathbur Pictures, 2004. Documentary. University of Minnesota Academic Health Center. â€Å"Fast Food Intake Increases Risk of Diabetes and Heart Disease in Singapore. † ScienceDaily. 9 Sept. 2013. Web. Weiss, Thomas C. â€Å"Associated Health Risks of Eating Fast Foods. †. Disabled World. Fast Food Having an Effect on U. S Health Fast food chains are anywhere and everywhere. You cannot drive to town without passing at least two or three of these â€Å"restaurants. † The concept behind fast food was a good idea, but the results were catastrophic in the health aspect. Now that fast food has become one of the top industries in the world, everything has gone awry. The fast food industry has drastically changed the way people view food, how convenience is rising and the cost for products. Fast food restaurants first started as drive-ins with car hops, but in the 1980’s began with drive-thru windows. McDonald’s was one of the first ones to convert from car hops to drive-thru windows. The idea of fast food service brought about a whole new concept to how we view food. Without proper education in the health field typical Americans would not know what their body needs and what they consume. Maybe if that was the case the obesity rate and rates of chronic heart disease would plummet and we could focus on more important problems. When these restaurants began to spring up, it spread like wildfire. Sonic, McDonalds, Burger King, Wendy’s and etc. all became multi-million dollar companies. They discovered they could mass-produce products that were cheap and that could make them money faster than what they had to been doing before (Super-Size Me). Fast food has sprung up and become a leading industry because they are focused on quick, cheap food for people. Despite how bad it is for them it is cheap and fast to produce. They are extremely convenient due to the drive-thru windows that are being incorporated into any and all fast food restaurants. The food that you buy is relatively inexpensive and cheap also. Another key point to fast food restaurants popularity is that they are advertising their foods more towards the children. McDonald’s has their cartoon show that advertises their products to children along with the play places and their mascot, Ronald McDonald. They also incorporate toys and such for the kids’ meals. Burger King does something similar to McDonald’s with their characters. There are many lawsuits against corporations advertising to children for fast food, which are still being reviewed for the time being. This advertising is being sued because of the high rates of obesity in younger children is sky rocketing and chronic heart diseases at younger ages is also a factor in these lawsuits (Food, Inc). The health factors play perhaps the largest role in any type of food industry. â€Å"The disadvantages to fast food is that the products are higher in soya, fat, sugar, oil, fried meat, salt cheese, mayonnaise, and obviously salt†(Bose). There are very little nutrients in fast food if any due to the process of frying the foods to cook them. There is also bacteria present on the food before frying it which can do harm to our bodies if not destroyed also. There is a direct link between fast food and obesity, coronary heart disease (CHD) and diabetes. Fast food is loaded with salt and fats that are not needed for the body to function which after a long period of â€Å"exposure† can lead to CHD and obesity. â€Å"Eating fast food two or more times a week was also found to increase the risk of developing type 2 diabetes by 27 percent† (University of Minnesota). The advantages of fast food are more for convenience than nutrition. †In a survey done by WebMD the top 11 reasons for eating fast food are as follows: They’re quick, they’re easy to get to, I like the taste of fast food, they’re inexpensive, I’m too busy to cook, it’s a â€Å"treat† for myself, I don’t like to prepare foods myself, I don’t like to prepare foods myself, My friends/family like them, it is a way of socializing with friends and family, they have many nutritious foods to offer, they’re fun and entertaining†(Hitti). This survey just shows that most Americans do not have time or do not make the time to prepare meals for themselves and their families. If families are too be healthier individuals they need to make time to prepare meals for the entire family. Choosing one day out of the week to cook meals for the whole week is a great and convenient solution to this problem. The major chains that have flourished greatly are McDonald’s with their advertising towards children and very inexpensive foods, Burger King with their better â€Å"quality† tasting food, and Sonic which kept the drive in style fast food, but incorporated a drive thru into their layout. Each of these restaurants have one thing in common, they all advertise to children as their main concentration. Keeping their restaurants friendly and geared towards kids pushes the kids to want to keep going to these places so they can eat and play. Sonic does not offer a play place or anything like what Burger King and McDonald’s have. Sonic keeps more of the older style of fast food using car hops and drive ins which plays to their advantage being one of the very few restaurants that even do this anymore. One of the biggest problems with fast food is that they try to keep us in the dark about what we are consuming. That should raise the question of what is being hidden from us. In the documentary, Food Inc. all of the corporations producing foods refused to comment on their procedures. The farmers were not even allowed to let the cameramen into their chicken houses. This alone should tell us there is something that these companies are hiding that could cause them to lose a lot of money. If you watch closely to how these companies operate then that alone should raise an eyebrow or two as to what is their big secret and why are we the consumers kept in the dark about this. For McDonalds, the chicken nuggets they sale are not actually chicken nuggets. The â€Å"nuggets† are the leftovers of the chicken made into a pink paste like substance that is then made into a chicken nugget. None of the meats made are 100 percent beef or chicken or fish. The products are leftovers of the real ingredients ground up and mixed with other products to make what we consume. Trans-fatty acids are placed into the products to preserve them which only make them worse for us, which leads to insulin resistance over time and cause Type 2 diabetes. The beef has been reported to have less than 2 percent actual beef in the burgers. Many of the mystery ingredients in fast food are typically industrial chemicals. The occurrence with deaths due to how our food is processed is becoming a major concern for most states. Unfortunately FDA regulations are very lax with food processing companies and fast food companies because some of the â€Å"big wigs† are working for these food companies (Food, Inc. ). The beef that is being processed for our consumption are typically standing in their own manure, which causes infected meats and disease ridden food. Also chicken houses are very similar to the way beef is raised. The chickens are packed into these houses and pumped with steroids so they will grow much faster and much larger than normal. This means less time spent raising the chicken and faster money in the pockets of the corporations. Food is an essential part of life. It is necessary to live and to function throughout the day. The type of food we consume is up to us, we can have healthy, nutritious food or we can have quick, unhealthy food. The choice comes down to our knowledge of what we consume and need as humans. Unfortunately fast food has changed how we view food, how convenience is a greater commodity than nutrition and the cost for products. Works Cited Bose, Debopriya. â€Å"Advantages and Disadvantages of Fast Food. † 12 Nov. 2013. Buzzle. Web. Clarke, Nancy. â€Å"Health Risks Involved When Eating Fast Food. † 9 Sep. 2013. Demand Media. Web. Food, Inc. Dir. Robert Kenner. Perf. Michael Pollan, Eric Schlosser, Gary Hirschberg, and Joe Halatin. Magnolia Pictures, 2008. Documentary. Henshaw, Ashley. â€Å"The Major Health Hazards of Fast Food. † 9 Sept. 2013. SymptomFind. Web. Hitti, Miranda. â€Å"Top 11 Reasons for Fast Food’s Popularity. † 12 Nov. 2013. WebMD. Web. Pereira, Mark, David S. Ludwig, Alex I. Kartashov, Cara B. Ebbeling, Linda Van Horn, Martha L. Slattery, David R. Jacobs. â€Å"Fast-food Habits, Weight Gain, and Insulin Resistance (The CARDIA Study): 15-Year Prospective Analysis. † 9 Sept. 2013. 365. 9453(2005): 36-42. Web. 9 Sept. 2013 Martindale, Diane. â€Å"Fast Food is a Major Public Health Hazard 177. 2380. † 2 July 2012. Organic Consumers Association. 9 Sept. 2013. Web. Super-Size Me. Dir. Morgan Spurlock. Perf. Morgan Spurlock, Daryl Isaacs, and Lisa Ganjhu. Kathbur Pictures, 2004. Documentary. University of Minnesota Academic Health Center. â€Å"Fast Food Intake Increases Risk of Diabetes and Heart Disease in Singapore. † ScienceDaily. 9 Sept. 2013. Web. Weiss, Thomas C. â€Å"Associated Health Risks of Eating Fast Foods. †. Disabled World.