how to argue and win every time Essay Example For Students

how to argue and win every time Essay HOW TO ARGUE AND WIN EVERYTIMEJerry Spence startes off by asking why do we argue? He says that he doesnt like to argue and he doesnt like people that do. The confused me at first. He askes why not ty to get along, and besides when he argues he loses. He says we were born to make a winning argument just as we were born to walk. Mr. Spence says that we are so bound up, so mute. From the moment we have been conditioned to avoid confrontation. We have been taught not to let our emotions show. By the time we become adults the word argue calls up dark and negative feelings. Many throughout our lives have forced up to accept their ways, their relugion, their values, ect The key to our freedom is embarrassingly obvious. We need only to give ourselves permission, to unlock to doors. The key is to give ourselves permission to peer out of our closets and to look around, to ask questions and demand respect. We need to speak out and just to be. Most people are afriad to argue because it just causes trouble. Our arguements turn sour, the words ugly, the passages to the heart close, and the feelings of love are replaced by the hurt and the anger. But, fear is ourr ally. Fear confirms us. Fear is our energy that is convertible to POWER-our power. We need to learn not to afraid of our fear but to embrace it. If you feel your fear, you can also feel its power and you can change its power into YOUR power.First, to win an argument, exhaustive preparation is essential. The most prepared person will usually win. In the preparation process, you must thoroughly research and understand your case, and you must also thoroughly research and understand your opponents pos ition. You should know and understand the facts and arguments of your opponent better than he or she does. Second, you must have a profound understanding of the thinking and emotions of the decision maker(s) in his case, the jury. Your argument should be framed to harmonize with the decision makers values, wants and needs. You must understand the prejudices of the jurors and address the built-in objections they may have to your arguments. You must help them to understand the motives of your client and identify with them as their own. In other words, empathize with the jurors and help them empathize with your client. Mr. Spence emphasizes that, in order for the jurors to believe your arguments, you must argue from your own sincere belief. You also have to talk to them in their own language, treat them with respect and relate with them so they can relate back to you. If you act superior to them, you will probably make them your enemies and never gain their trust. Mr. Spence says that , in your personal relationships, you may find the only way to win an argument is to lose. If the only way to win your point is to destroy the relationship, you may find its better to concede. This was an excellent book on argumentation skills. However, first you have to define what it is to win. What do you want to get from the argument and what are you willing to risk to get that? Through several examples he works out how to win by losing, how to win by empowering others, how to win by redirecting the prejudice of others or using that prejudice to your advantage, etc. He spends a great deal of time discussing the importance of using stories to illustrate points and does a fine job of it. The book is filled with stories and experiences from his real life courtroom experiences and how his arguments affected the jury, sometimes in a manner that surprised him and sometimes in the manner he expected. Even when the results were a surprise he explains why, after thinking about it, the de cision went the way it did. The book is highly slanted toward the argument styles of a lawyer in front of a jury. However, it is useful to anyone in any

Purchasing and leasing computer equipment, noting the advantages and disadvantages of each

Summary The research should be carried out by visiting firms that deal with leasing equipment for short and long periods of time. Adequate information should be obtained to ensure that decision makers do not make a wrong decision when choosing the method in which to upgrade their computer equipment.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Purchasing and leasing computer equipment, noting the advantages and disadvantages of each specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More The management should make sure that they understand the benefits and weaknesses of every option in order to make a wise decision. First, they should consider how fast the equipment needs to be updated and the cost of purchasing. After considering several factors in the field of computer and their software, I recommend that my organization should consider leasing this equipment. This is because they become technologically out dated very fast, hence, contradicting the essence of purchasing. Introduction This research was carried out to identify the most appropriate method organizations should consider when there arises a need to upgrade their computer equipment. This means that organizations should consider the most economical way to go in order to save on cost, hence, achieving one of the main goals which is to cut cost and maximize profits. The research should be carried out by visiting firms that deal with leasing equipment for short and long periods of time. Adequate information should be obtained to ensure that decision makers do not make a wrong decision when choosing the way in which to upgrade their computer equipment (Nevitt, Fabozzi and Mathew, 2011). In addition, visits to firms that sell new computer equipment should not be ignored. Investigations on these issues should be done by people from the organization by conducting interviews from these target firms. This means that the organization should consider sending representatives to enquire about leasing and purchasing from dealers. Furthermore, the organization should consider visiting computer specialist to consult about available options. This is extremely important as specialists in the field of computers may give most viable information on leasing and purchasing equipment to upgrade computer networks. All information collected should be analyzed and the most advantageous method be recommended to the decision makers. Discussion Computer equipment needs to be updated very often, hence, raising the cause for thorough consideration of the most viable way of conducting the upgrading process. This means that organizations that have to upgrade their systems often need to consider the cheapest and most economical method in order to cut operational costs (Oz, 2008).Advertising Looking for report on computer science? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More This means that they should weigh out options and decide be tween purchasing and leasing to find out which has most advantages. The option with most advantages should be considered and, therefore, adapted by the organization in order to maximize profits and put costs as low as possible. Advantages Leasing computer equipment is economical for the organization because updating computer equipment should be done very often. This is essential for the organization to achieve its organizational and operational goals as advancement in technology goes along with effectiveness in production and other operations. For example, advancement in computer software translates to increase in computer speeds, hence, increase in speed of all operations carried by computer systems within the organization. Leasing equipment enhances flexibility as organizations may lease the right equipment to handle tasks at hand. This means that equipment can be hired on demand, hence, avoiding instances of organizations having to purchase equipment that are used occasionally. O rganizations work in a diverse nature and they may require to carry out special tasks demanded by customers (Kendall, 2008). They can lease the equipment to handle those specific tasks and take back once the task is over, hence, saving on the costs that could have been incurred in purchasing new equipment. Leasing equipment allows organizations to acquire them without incurring huge expenditures when compared to purchasing. In most cases, purchasing equipment may affect organization’s cash flow since down payment may be required. This means that when any organization has decided on making a purchase, huge sums of money may be involved, hence, leading the management to incur costs (Gelinas et al, 2004). In leasing, depending with the lease period organizations may save so much money as they have to incur very minimal expenses in acquiring equipment to carry out their operations. Leasing of equipment is very important because organizations can use lease payments as expenses in order to reduce taxes when filling their tax returns. This means that lease payments should be recorded as organization’s expenses, hence, reduced from the taxable amount.Advertising We will write a custom report sample on Purchasing and leasing computer equipment, noting the advantages and disadvantages of each specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This reduces the amount of tax the organization has to pay, hence, translating to reduced operational costs. This advantage is important because an organization that leases all its equipment and records them as organizational expenses end up reducing their taxes by huge sums of cash. This becomes profitable to the organization because at the end of any accounting period, the amount paid to tax collector is very little as compared to what could have been paid if they bought that equipment. Another advantage of leasing equipment is that it passes the load of obsolescence to the lessor . This means that since computer equipment gets outdated very fast, the organization will not be faced by hectic time of dealing with the outdated goods (Chandra, 2005). Instead, they should hire out new equipment that matches current technology. In addition, cost associate with disposal of outdated computer equipment is not on the organizational side but on the side of the lessor. Disadvantages On the other hand, leasing can have its disadvantages as well. One disadvantage of leasing equipment is that the overall cost of hiring the equipment is more than the price of a new computer. This is because payments made throughout the lease period include a given commission for the lessor. Therefore, purchasing new equipment ends up being cheaper than leasing the equipment for long term. Another disadvantage is that the organization lacks ownership of the leased goods, hence, cannot manipulate or dictate much over the equipment. In fact, this becomes hectic when the equipment ceases to be used in the organization before the end of the lease period. The organization cannot dispose it since the owner of the good is the lessor. Finally, leased equipment has to be paid for even if they are not being used by the organization. This means that the organization has to pay for the equipment throughout the lease period regardless of whether they enjoy its services or not. Purchasing equipment Advantages One advantage of buying equipment is that the organization acquires ownership once the good has been purchased. This advantage can be enjoyed when dealing with equipment that does not run technologically out of date very fast (Harold, 2010). Organizations may also consider tax incentives as an advantage hence considering the option of purchasing equipment. This means that the government may at times wave or reduce taxes for some equipment to encourage people to invest in them. In fact, buying goods can have the organization enjoy tax reductions hence cutting down on operation e xpenses.Advertising Looking for report on computer science? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Disadvantages Purchasing costs are too high, hence, making the entire exercise very expensive for organizations to purchase goods that get technologically out of date very fast. In order for organizations to make such purchases, they might be required to obtain loans from commercial banks which end up becoming difficult (Hosford-Dunn et al, 2008). This is because banks require down payments in order to give loans to be paid on monthly payments. Another disadvantage with purchasing these equipment is that they run obsolete very fast, hence, having the owner face a challenge of re investing in new equipment. Equipment that gets technologically faced out tends to have very little resale value, hence, becoming hectic to the organization to dispose the out dated equipment. Conclusions It is important for organizations to put into consideration several factors before choosing on the method of upgrading their computer equipment. The management should make sure they understand the benefits and weaknesses of every option in order to make a wise decision. First, they should consider how fast the equipment needs to be updated and the cost of purchasing (Harder, 2004). Obsolescence is another factor to be considered because once equipment becomes obsolete, they become a burden to the organization. After considering all these factors, the decision makers should be able to choose the most appropriate method which align with the organization’s objectives of maximizing profit and minimizing cost. Recommendations After considering several factors in the field of computer and their software, I recommend that my organization should consider leasing this equipment. This is because they become technologically out dated very fast hence contradicting the essence of purchasing. The element of equipment becoming obsolete also leads to my recommendation because, once these goods cease to be used in the organization, they will end up becoming a bother to the organization. Referen ces Chandra, H. (2005). Fundamentals of financial management. New York: Tata McGraw-Hill. Gelinas, U. J., Sutton, S. G., Hunton, J. E. Hunton, J. (2004). Acquiring, developing, and implementing accounting information systems. New Jersey: Thomson/South-Western. Harder, F. (2004). Fashion for profit: from design concept to apparel manufacturing †¦ a professional’s complete guide. London: Frances Harder. Harold, J. R. (2010). An Introduction to Accounting and Managerial Finance: A Merger of Equals. London: World Scientific. Hosford-Dunn, H., Roeser, R. J. Valente, M. (2008). Audiology practice management. New Zealand: Thieme. Kendall, K. E. Kendall, J. E. (2008).Systems analysis and design. San Jos: Pearson/Prentice Hall. Nevitt, P. K., Fabozzi, F. J. Mathew, J. V. (2011). Equipment leasing. Sydney: John Wiley and Sons. Oz, E. (2008). Management Information Systems. Michigan: Cengage Learning. This report on Purchasing and leasing computer equipment, noting the advantages and disadvantages of each was written and submitted by user Sky Santos to help you with your own studies. You are free to use it for research and reference purposes in order to write your own paper; however, you must cite it accordingly. You can donate your paper here.

How to Write an Interview Essay Sample Paper

How to Write an Interview Essay Sample PaperWhen looking for an effective writing experience that will serve as a study resource for the student preparing for the interview of the week, an effective essay should be found. That is when the extra effort comes in to make the most of the material you have and also to take advantage of the writing experience that it offers. The following are some tips to look out for when looking for an essay sample.You should choose an essay that fits your level of knowledge. Once you have a degree of expertise in the area you are working on, the more proficient the essay. It should be able to address the important issues or discussion points of the piece.Choose an essay sample that has relevance to the area you are dealing with. If you have taken up a course related to the area you are writing about, you can use this as a jumping off point. The ideas are already there and the essay is no longer just a simple topic in the course. This helps in making the study material approachable.You should have a sound knowledge about the topic to make the essay interesting. Without adequate knowledge about the material you are writing about, it is easy to forget how to go about it. You should be able to come up with information from your own experience which helps to create depth to the paper. There should be some research or source of information incorporated in the text.Some readers may be turned off by a poor writing style in the essay. The best way to give them a glimpse of your talent is to make sure that your sentences are logical and uncluttered. Use small words so that the reader can read with ease and you can also use sentence constructions that make the piece flow.If you want to leave a good first impression, do some quality research before you write your essay. Some of the most efficient essays are the ones which are well researched and sourced from reliable sources. Writing an essay with a purpose to earn a scholarship is not as eas y as it may seem.In order to make the most of your essay sample, the proper selection of topic and the inclusion of relevant information is required. Some students write just because they want to, while others are talented enough to make a mark. It is also important to know the format of the paper before you begin. When you have the correct format, the rest of the task is easy.Writing an essay is like doing research. Students who are not familiar with the topic may find it difficult to write one. So, take time to learn and practice how to use the different tools and formats before you jump into writing an essay for the first time.

An analysis of the character John Nash in the movie A beautiful Mind.

An analysis of the character John Nash in the movie A beautiful Mind. Introduction Various theories have been fronted by psychological professionals to explain the reasons why individuals respond to changes in their lives in a particular way. Elizabeth Hutchinson has particularly provided extensive studies on different theoretical perspectives that can be used to analyze an individual’s situation in her book titled, â€Å"Dimensions of Human Behavior: Person and Environment.†Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on An analysis of the character John Nash in the movie A beautiful Mind specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/page Learn More This essay is based on a study carried out on the character John Nash from the film A Beautiful Mind. Hutchinson’s theoretical perspectives will serve as guides in the analysis assisted by the work of various other writers. Five theoretical perspectives have been used to analyze Nash’s situation in relation to the society in which he lives. These fiv e theories are part of the eight perspectives which Elizabeth Hutchinson has explained in detail in her book Dimensions of Human Behavior (2008). Synopsis of the movie A Beautiful Mind John Nash (Russell Crowe) is awarded the prestigious Carnegie prize for mathematics and joins Princeton University. Initially, he is supposed to have a room to himself but he is surprised to find that he has a roommate by the name Charles. Charles is a literature student and the two soon become friends. Other than Charles, members of Nash’s social circle at Princeton are either Mathematics or Science graduate students, amongst them his greatest rival in class, Martin Hansen. For his thesis paper, Nash works on a theory in mathematical economics; a concept that is inspired by an unsuccessful attempt to chat up a woman at a bar. He finally graduates and accepts an offer at the Massachusetts Institute of Technology A Beautiful Mind 4 (MIT). While working as a Mathematics lecturer at MIT five years down the line, he falls in love with Alicia Larde (Jennifer Connelly), one of his students, and they eventually get married. Later, Nash returns to Princeton where he meets Charles, his former roommate and Charles’ niece, Marcee. He also meets William Parcher (Ed Harris), a mysterious agent who invites him to the United States Defense Department located at the Pentagon for an assignment. He (Nash) is expected to crack a very complex encryption code to an enemy’s telecommunication network. His fellow hackers are amazed and at the same time impressed by how easily he cracks the code.Advertising Looking for term paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More After this incredible success, Nash is assigned a new task to look for patterns in various publications; information which would be used to stop an invasion plan by the Soviet. He is instructed to deliver the report of his findings to a par ticular mailbox. The Russians become aware of his involvement and hunt him down with the aim of killing him. The danger he finds himself in makes him paranoid and he starts making inconsistent decisions. While giving a lecture at Harvard University, he notices a group of people watching him and attempts to flee. His pursuers soon catch up with him and after putting him under sedatives, they send him to a psychiatric hospital. His paranoia causes him to perceive the attendants at the facility as Soviet kidnappers on a mission to obtain unlisted information from him. Alicia, goes to the mailbox and recovers the documents that Nash had deposited months earlier and uses them to confront him. It is then that he is convinced that he has been hallucinating. He discovers that the meetings with Marcee, Charles’ niece as well as the encounters with Parcher have all been A Beautiful Mind 5 figments of his imagination. He receives insulin shock therapy and is released from the facility o n condition that he promises to take antipsychotic medication. Unfortunately, the drugs that he is prescribed to negatively affect his intellectual capacity and the frustration that ensues puts a strain on his marriage. He finally gets off the medication and relapses into psychosis. The situation is so bad that he almost drowns his son while bathing him. His wife takes the child and attempts to run away for fear of losing their lives but he blocks the car’s path. It suddenly occurs to him that Marcee never grows old since the first time he met her and he once again accepts that he has been hallucinating. He finally resigns to the fact that he has to live on medication and even gets a job at Princeton courtesy of his old-time academic rival, Martin Hansen who happens to be the head of the institution.Advertising We will write a custom term paper sample on An analysis of the character John Nash in the movie A beautiful Mind specifically for you for only $16.05 $11/pag e Learn More Eventually, he is allowed to teach again and wins several accolades including a Nobel Prize in economics for his work in Mathematics. Character analysis The analysis character John Nash can be approached from perspectives which include psychological, social and spiritual (Hutchinson, 2008: Carter, McGoldrick, 2004). Psychologically, Nash is initially a well balanced individual who is able to make informed decisions on his own. However as the film continues, he starts becoming unstable as the film proceeds with paranoia taking the best of him. Socially, Nash is very awkward in the sense that he does not know how to relate with women or even men who are not as bright as him. This aspect limits his life by confining his relations to A Beautiful Mind 6 the very few people that can understand him. Spiritually, Nash can be described as an earthly person since from the film he is not linked to a particular religion. Environmental factors contribute to the deve lopment of a character Theoretical perspectives Theoretical perspectives are ideas that are suggested for analysis of a situation based on the surrounding factors (Carter, McGodrick, 2004). These theories are descriptions of the various features surrounding an individual that make him respond to situation in a particular way. For instance the most common aspects of society that play into the development of an individual include personal, family, community and environmental attributes (Greene, 2002). Review of theoretical perspectives described by Hutchinson. In her book, Dimensions of Human behavior, Hutchinson explains eight factors which determine an individual’s character. These are briefly summarized below:Advertising Looking for term paper on social sciences? Let's see if we can help you! Get your first paper with 15% OFF Learn More Systems Perspective- This theory fronts the idea that in society all aspects that surround human beings are interconnected Conflicts Perspective-This is a view that in society there has to be inequalities for relations to the systems to run effectively. Social Behavioral Perspective- This is a concept that links the development of human behavior to observation of certain aspects of society. Developmental Perspective-Studies human development as a series of changes happening at various points in their lives. A Beautiful Mind 7 Humanistic perspective- This theory is based on the fact that human beings are able to evolve and reinvent themselves. It mainly helps to explain why changes happen in life. Rational choice perspective- This perspective views human beings as individuals with the ability to make defendable choices. Social Constructionist perspective- This theory is an analysis of the diversity of the life basing on the premise that what happens today is not necessarily what will happen tomorrow. Psychodynamic perspective- This is also an analysis of the constant changes that occur in human life. Of these eight perspectives, five were selected to analyze the character of John Nash, picked from the film A Beautiful Mind. These five are the systems, conflict, developmental, social behavioral and the humanistic perspectives. Systems perspective This theory analyses society by the functions that are carried out by its various elements. These functions are mainly cultures, traditions and institutions that work together resulting in the proper functioning of the whole system. The most common analogy used to support this theory is organicism whereby society is viewed as a living creature whose various parts have to be coordinated for proper functioning of the whole (Bertalanffy, 1968). Various premises have been fronted to support this theory; these are: A Beautiful Mind 8 Society comprises independent parts whose functions are however interrelated. Each part of society has certain standards and fixed roles. The different parts of society can at no time be equal; some are of more significance than others (Churchman, 1968). The systems in society have boundaries which give them individual uniqueness. Change taking place in society is gradual and incremental. The film A Beautiful Mind is full of networks which effectively make the society function naturally. When Nash reports to Princeton College, he is assigned a roommate, Charles with whom he strikes a close friendship. Their association contributes to the well-being of each one of them. Charles serves as the only link that Nash has with the social world while Nash’s awkwardness in interacting with people helps Charles have a sense of dominance which balances Nash’s superiority in academics. The university administration has a well defined relationship with the students. It however has more power over the students and doesn’t fail to exercise this authority. The most i mportant network in the entire film starts when Nash meets and marries Alicia. Together with their child, they make a small social unit with everybody playing a role aimed at looking after the welfare of the other members of the family. As a husband and father Nash’s actions bear a direct impact on his family. When he starts having paranoid schizophrenic attacks, he is unable to function properly in both at work and at the home causing a lot of worry to his wife. At some point he almost drowns his infant son and therefore fails to A Beautiful Mind 9 provide the sense of security that he is expected to deliver as a father. Alicia as well has to deal with changes occurring in her life. Aside from taking care of their son, she also has to watch over her husband and keep him from hurting himself. She gets him admitted at a psychiatric hospital and also goes out of her way to find the letter that he had delivered to a mailbox and uses it to bring him to reality. Their little famil y has boundaries which keep other people from completely interfering with its internal affairs. Outsiders step in to offer a hand only when invited. For instance, Nash is picked up and taken to the psychiatric hospital only when Alicia calls and asks for assistance. Conflict perspectives This perspective is based on the fact that there are inequalities in society which are either political or socio-economic in nature (Lenski, 1966). It is set on the following five premises: People, when acting either as individuals or in groups, try to impose their interests on others. Power and authority are not equally divided among social groups. There are some groups which are dominant over others (Odum, 1994). Order in society is achieved by the dominant groups manipulating the smaller groups. If there is no open conflict in a society, then one group is being exploited. Change in society is brought about by conflict whereby lengthy phases of stability are interrupted by periods of change. A B eautiful Mind 10 Conflict presents itself in the film in a number of incidents. When Nash reports to Princeton, he expects to be given a single room. The college however allocates him a shared room and since there is nothing much he can do to change the situation, he accepts things as they are. The destabilization of Nash’s mental functioning results in conflict within his family. His mental problems cause him to have little or no power over his wife. Alicia on her part gets some measure of power in the sense that she can call the psychiatric hospital and get them to handle her husband’s condition. She however has no control over his paranoia when he stops taking medication and has to depend on him to figure out things for himself. When Nash finally agrees to live on medication, he resigns to the fact that he has no power over his mental forces. This decision however serves him well by giving him back his role as breadwinner. He can now have some authority over his wif e and son. However, when he goes looking for a job, his sense of power is dominated by more powerful forces existing in the job market. He has to depend on old acquaintances to get a job. He therefore has to operate under the terms and conditions of these powerful characters. Developmental perspective The focal point of this perspective is how human character is modified and remains the same in certain parts of the life cycle. The development of humans is regarded as a multifaceted interaction of psychological, biological and social progressions which happen in well distinguished stages of life (Long, 2001). With each A Beautiful Mind 11 new stage, changes are brought about in the social roles of individuals as well as their status. This perspective is based on the five premises listed below: Human growth takes place in various phases that are dependent on the age of the individual. Life stages are qualitatively distinct from each other. Developmental stages in life happen chronolo gically with each stage structuring on earlier stages. Transition from one stage in life to another demands that changes occur in roles played by an individual as well as in the status of the person. Human development depends on the interaction of social, biological and psychosomatic factors. The Nash family can be studied in terms of the developmental obligations that each member has to take care of. Nash develops paranoid schizophrenia and has to constantly battle hallucinations. He finally realizes that he cannot make it without the use of medication. As much as the drugs help him function normally, they have the negative side effect of causing him to lose his intellectual capabilities. This is a very frustrating development since he is used to always being the smartest. With a family to take care of, Nash has to accept whatever job he can get regardless of how lowly it is compared to his previous occupation. Alicia on her part has to grow into the role of mother to her child an d caregiver to her husband. She becomes the voice of reason and has to exercise dominion over her husband in order to keep the family intact. This new roles reduce her span of operation A Beautiful Mind 12 To within the house and her primary interactions are her husband and son; her social network is killed. Social behavioral perspective The social behavioral perspective works under the principle that human beings acquire character traits by their interaction with the environment (Layton, 1997). The following five premises help support this theory. Human behavior is acquired when people interact with each other and with their environment (Schmuel, Horst, 1985). Any learned behavior can be modified. Human character is acquired through the corroboration of personal expectations and consequence. All problems that individuals face can be expressed as objectionable behavior. Similar learning processes happening in separate environments will result in marked differences in human characte r. From the film, there are various things that may have happened earlier in Nash’s life that cause him to suffer mental destabilization. Perhaps he lost a sister called Marcee at childhood who he now sees as Charles’ niece. Marcee could also be a child from a past relationship that we have not been told about. In other words, there are endless possibilities as to who Marcee could be. His interaction with Parcher and assignment to top secret jobs could have been unfulfilled childhood dreams. Being a socially retarded individual there is also a possibility that Nash could not handle the A Beautiful Mind 13 roles he was assigned when he got married since they required that he had other people to think of before making certain decisions. This is unlike in his single days when everything was aimed at developing his personal intellect. Alicia fits into her roles perfectly. She sticks to her responsibility as mother and at no time considers terminating her marriage even whe n the conditions seem unfavorable. Her determination could have been influenced by past experiences. She could have been raised by a single mother and had understood the challenges that children in such homes faced. There is also a chance that her father may have been incapacitated at one time and her mother nursed him to stability and therefore by extension she (Alicia) is putting into practice something she had learned earlier in life. Humanistic perspective This perspective strives to emphasize the freedom of individuals to act in certain ways as well as the pursuit of significance (Berger, 1963). The humanistic perspective is founded on the following ideas: Each person is uniquely different and has distinctive values. Everybody is personally responsible for choices that he/she makes within the thresholds of freedom. Human beings have the ability to revolutionize themselves. Character is motivated by an aspiration for growth and by a yearning to relate with other individuals. In dividuals make psychological ultimatums on each other and efforts to meet such demands end up in angst. A Beautiful Mind 14 In some way, John Nash shows some level of perseverance over the challenges that come with mental instability. He has had to compromise trading his superior intellectual capabilities for proper functioning within the society. The conditions he finds himself in may not give him much of an option but he is an adult capable of making choices and sometimes rethinks these choices. This is shown when he stops taking medication on account of the negative effects it has on his brain. As an analyst however, these are just presumptions and there is a desire to meet Nash and hear his side of the story as well as get to know how he perceives his current situation. Alicia deserves a lot of admiration for her commitment towards her husband and child. She makes the decision to stay in the marriage and help work things out even when the chances of success appear odd. However, it is assumed that she makes choices consciously and it is only until someone gets to interview her that her opinions regarding her situation can be revealed. Reasons for selecting the perspectives above The above five perspectives were chosen because of their effectiveness to comprehensively analyze real life situations. Each perspective has its strengths and limitations and therefore cannot be used individually if a proper analysis is to be carried out. The systems perspective was chosen because of its ability to illustrate the importance of networks within a small group of individuals as well as link this small group to the wider society. This perspective however has the limitation of appearing too abstract in the sense that it does not only define human interactions but also includes A Beautiful Mind 15 the influence of other societal aspects such as the economy on human beings. Sociology is a field of study that generally emphasizes the notion of change. As a sociological theo ry therefore, the systems perspective appears too conservative by insisting on the aspect of maintenance of stability within the system. The conflict perspective was chosen because within any society there has to be variances. Its ability to illustrate how balance is maintained in society by individuals trying to exercise dominion over others clearly helps understand certain behavioral characteristics. It also has the weakness of being too abstract by not clearly focusing on human relations with each other. The developmental perspective was selected because it considers the fact that human beings are always undergoing changes in their lives. These changes require people to adapt to new ways of doing things whether they like it or not. The social behavioral perspective was used because of its relevance in analyzing learned human behavior. However, its major weakness is that it fails to factor in the innate characteristics of individuals in its insistence that all behavior is learned from experience. Finally, the humanistic perspective was included in the analysis because the study character was a fully grown man capable of making independent decisions. This perspective’s major limitation is the fact that it does not consider factors that may affect an individual’s capacity to make informed choices such as mental illness. Challenges A Beautiful Mind 16 The major challenge in analyzing this case was the fact that most of the events happening in the film are hallucinations. Actions or relations happening in these parts could not be used in the analysis and they all had to be categorized under paranoia. The few events that were happening outside Nash’s brain had to form the basis of study and this posed a slight challenge in the scrutiny. Another challenge came in the form of choosing which perspectives to use in the essay because all eight perspectives could effectively explain some events taking place in the life of John Nash. This was howeve r resolved by selecting perspectives that had fewer and less critical limitations. Reference List Berger, P.L. (1963). Invitation to Sociology: A Humanistic Perspective. New York: Anchor press/Doubleday. Bertalanffy, L.V. (1968). Organismic Psychology and Systems Theory. Worchester: Clark University Press. Carter, B. McGoldrick, M. (2004). The Expanded Family Life Cycle: Individual, Family,  and Social Perspectives. (3rd ed.). Boston: Allyn and Bacon. Churchman, C.W. (1968). The systems approach. New York: Laurel. Greene, R.R. (2002). Resiliency: An integrated approach to policy practice and  research. Washington D.C: NASW Press. Hutchingson, E.D. (2008) Dimensions of Human Behavior. (3rd ed.). Los Angeles: Sage Publications. Layton, R. (1997). An Introduction to Theory in Anthropology. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press. Lenski, G. E. (1966). Power and Privilege: A Theory of Social Stratification. Ryerson. Canada: McGraw-Hill. Long, N. (2001). Development sociology: Actor p erspectives. New York: Routledge. Odum, H. (1994). Ecological and General Systems: An introduction to systems ecology.  Colorado: Colorado University Press. Schmuel, N.E., Horst, J.H. (1985). Perspectives on Sociological Theory: Micro-  sociological theory. Los Angeles: Sage Publications.

Alcohol and Tobacco

Alcohol and Tobacco Although the public knows about the negative effects of these products, people still continue to use the substances without thinking twice. These products are legal if you are of age, so people will continue to experiment with alcohol and tobacco. On the other hand, drugs are not legal and are not advertised all over the media because they are prohibited in our society. If drugs were legal, experimentation and usage of these dangerous and deadly drugs would skyrocket. The usage of alcohol and tobacco is legal, but the usage of drugs should be prohibited in the United States. A theory is that if a person tries one drug such as marijuana, there is a high likelihood that that person will eventually try a harder drug such as cocaine. This is a very scary thought. If drugs were legal, many more individuals would be trying them. The media would be advertising cocaine like it was voldka. There is a large difference between these two products. People would feel like it was okay to experiment with the drug because its usage was legal. This could be harmful, because everyone can have a different effect to each drug. Drugs such as cocaine and heroin are highly addictive and dangerous. They not only cause damage to the person using but also to surrounding people. I am not trying to undersize alcohol and the damage it can cause, but at least there are laws against driving while intoxicated so that you can prevent yourself from harming another individual. Tobacco use affects your body in the long run, but other than second hand smoke, it does not directly put others in danger. Certain drugs can make a person spiral out of control and make them do certain things that they would never do if they were clean. A counter viewpoint is that drugs should be legalized because it is a person choice to use or consume whatever they wish. Advocates of legalizing drugs say that people will use drugs if they have the desire to whether it is legal or illegal. They mention that what is the difference between tobacco and alcohol versus drugs. Alcohol can be just as damaging to other people as drugs can be sometimes. The United States is a free country where we can speak how we feel and do how we feel and no one can tell us how to live our life. They say that if people want to use alcohol, tobacco and illegal drugs, they should have the freedom to do so. Both sides make valid points, but I definitely feel that drug usage would contaminate our society even more. Alcohol and Tobacco Although the public knows about the negative effects of these products, people still continue to use the substances without thinking twice. These products are legal if you are of age, so people will continue to experiment with alcohol and tobacco. On the other hand, drugs are not legal and are not advertised all over the media because they are prohibited in our society. If drugs were legal, experimentation and usage of these dangerous and deadly drugs would skyrocket. The usage of alcohol and tobacco is legal, but the usage of drugs should be prohibited in the United States. A theory is that if a person tries one drug such as marijuana, there is a high likelihood that that person will eventually try a harder drug such as cocaine. This is a very scary thought. If drugs were legal, many more individuals would be trying them. The media would be advertising cocaine like it was voldka. There is a large difference between these two products. People would feel like it was okay to experiment with the drug because its usage was legal. This could be harmful, because everyone can have a different effect to each drug. Drugs such as cocaine and heroin are highly addictive and dangerous. They not only cause damage to the person using but also to surrounding people. I am not trying to undersize alcohol and the damage it can cause, but at least there are laws against driving while intoxicated so that you can prevent yourself from harming another individual. Tobacco use affects your body in the long run, but other than second hand smoke, it does not directly put others in danger. Certain drugs can make a person spiral out of control and make them do certain things that they would never do if they were clean. A counter viewpoint is that drugs should be legalized because it is a person choice to use or consume whatever they wish. Advocates of legalizing drugs say that people will use drugs if they have the desire to whether it is legal or illegal. They mention that what is the difference between tobacco and alcohol versus drugs. Alcohol can be just as damaging to other people as drugs can be sometimes. The United States is a free country where we can speak how we feel and do how we feel and no one can tell us how to live our life. They say that if people want to use alcohol, tobacco and illegal drugs, they should have the freedom to do so. Both sides make valid points, but I definitely feel that drug usage would contaminate our society even more. Alcohol and Tobacco

Comparison of three areas of law Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 2000 words

Comparison of three areas of law - Essay Example On the other hand, the UK legal systems are stricter and protect the plight of traders, employees and members of contracts. The EU laws provide a clearly approach to define relationships within contracts and encourage foreign investors by providing a friendlier tax system as compared to the situation in the US legal system. From this perspective, it is crucial for both legal structures to harmonise their regulations to provide a better legal framework for its public. In the UK, there exists a written contract of employment that puts obligations both on the employee and the employer. The contract of employment requires that both parties the conditions implies in the contract letter. The UK is one of the countries that offer protection to its employees. The employer is answerable to court if he or she breaks any term implied in the contract. For instance, an employer must issue a notice before terminating an employee.2 On the other hand, the US government provides no statutory protection to employees. Hence, the employer can fire the employee any time. Unless there is a personal offense, the court does not protect the employee From a close observation, there exists a wide range of similarities and differences within the UK and US Employment laws. The two legal systems are similar in the sense that they seek to end discrimination within the employment sector. Hence both laws have clauses that prohibit employment discrimination in terms of gender, origin, race or even color. This appears to be an effort to embrace diversity management within these nations. However, the UK and US employment laws differ in a great way. To begin with, the US Laws provide no contract stipulations for employment. Therefore, issues of termination, salary, holidays and allowances all depend on the agreement between the employee and employer. This is much different from the UK legal

Cultural Artifacts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1000 words

Cultural Artifacts - Essay Example All these and many other aspects altogether represent our culture and its evolution over time. To prove my point I will concentrate on architecture how it is reflective of the culture. It not only represents the present but also has traces of the past. By observing architecture of any society over the years you can observe the evolution of their culture. It shows our values and beliefs. Architecture actually encompasses all three eras, traces of our past, needs of our present and aspirations of our future. Archeology In order to fully understand evolutionary process of architecture we need to develop sound understanding of archeology and dating methods. Crucially understanding of the past depends on the efficiency of the chronological dating methods employed. Indus civilization As we all know Indus civilization is one the oldest civilizations of the world. Some of the things found in excavations dates back to as early as 2800 BCE (McIntosh). A good understanding of their culture was developed through the literature found in some of the writings, pottery and remains of the buildings. The Indus civilization is distinctive in its indigenous development from the cotemporary civilizations. Its architecture does not bear any sign of warfare of that time. They had elaborate drainage system and well planned urban layout. Although scarcity of any building was observed, which could be identified as temple or monument? Architecture and Sculpture History According to historians large wooden houses, palaces and barns were being built in India from around 1700 BC. Although it does not have much creativity and durability was also questionable. (Subcontinent) Some stone architecture and sculpture started in India in 300 BC under the influence of Greeks and Persians. Artifacts are a good source of studying the economic and cultural conditions of any time. It was well reflected in the buildings of that era also. In fact the understanding we have developed about the older civiliz ations and their evolution and growth was achieved by studying the artifacts of those times. Indians moved from traditional wooden architecture to stone architecture and fine masonry work under the influence of foreigners. But the artifacts they produced had the Indian touch and were reflective of their culture. Rock Architecture History of Rock architecture in India dates back to eighth century. There are remains of a temple in Ellora in central Asia. (William J. Duiker) It was named after the holy mountains and it is beautifully carved out of a hill side. Traces of this form of architecture were also found in Africa. It is reflective of the technological advancement of that time because carving a mountain needed a lot of skill and equipment. It is also reflective of the religious beliefs of the time. Most of the religious architecture of that time consisted of Buddhist cave temples and monasteries. The next millennium witnessed impressive sculptures and paintings. Religious archit ecture evolved from caves to monumental structures. They were even decorated with ceilings, door frames, relevant paintings and other accessories which marked the welfare of the civilization. Islamic Architecture When India was conquered by Mughals Indian architecture took a large leap forward. Mughals were found of architecture. Magnificent buildings all over India are a proof of their taste and love for